Study On The Status Quo And Influencing Factors Of Chronic Diseases Among Residents In A Community In Jiayuguay City

BackgroundChronic non-communicable diseases,referred to as chronic diseases,mainly cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases,diabetes,cancer,etc,with a global mortality rate of more than 60%,is expected to rise to 75% by 2030.Chronic disease deaths mainly occur in low-income countries and middle-income countries.Along with social and economic development,the population is aging,the lifestyle changes in eating habits,infectious diseases are effectively controlled,and the spectrum of diseases and the spectrum of causes of death have changed dramatically.Chronic diseases have become an important public health problem that threatens the health of Chinese residents.According to the results of the 2015 survey on nutrition and health status of Chinese residents,the prevalence of chronic diseases such as hypertension,diabetes and coronary heart disease is on the rise.The high disability rate and high mortality rate of chronic diseases bring heavy burdens to individuals,families and society.ObjectivesTo comprehensively understand the prevalence of residents in a community in Jiayuguan City,analyze the main influencing factors of chronic diseases in a community in Jiayuguan City,identify the weak links of prevention and control of chronic diseases in a community in Jiayuguan City,and focus on future interventions,and develop effective communities for the community.The chronic disease prevention strategies and interventions provide the basis for providing relevant baseline data for future research in Jiayuguan City.Understand the knowledge,treatment and control of chronic disease related knowledge among residents in a community in Jiayuguan City,and thoroughly grasp the health-related information of a community resident in Jiayuguan City,and provide scientific basis for the government and health administrative departments to formulate relevant policies and measures.MethodsRespondents: The survey respondents were residents of 18 years of age and older in a community jurisdiction of Jiayuguan City.Sampling method: Multi-stage cluster random sampling.Firstly,2~5 independent communities in a community were randomly selected from a community area in Jiayuguan City.Each district randomly selected 200 households aged ?18 years old to conduct face-to-face interviews or centralized investigations.Research contents: The method of questionnaire survey and physical examination is adopted.According to the "Guidelines for the Work of the Comprehensive Prevention and Control Demonstration Zone for Chronic Non-communicable Diseases" and the "Guidelines for the Assessment and Evaluation of the National Comprehensive Prevention and Control Demonstration Zone for Chronic Non-communicable Diseases",the questionnaires will be designed by the unified training investigators after obtaining informed consent.Household interview survey.The survey content generally includes general demographic characteristics such as gender,age,marital status,education level,occupation,high blood pressure,diabetes,coronary heart disease,malignant tumors,family history,smoking,drinking,diet,sleep,active exercise.Such as personal living habits,chronic disease risk factors,control measures,high-risk population characteristics and other health knowledge.The physical examination includes on-site measurement of blood pressure,blood sugar,height,weight and waist circumference.Statistical analysis: EpiData 3.1 was used to establish a database for parallel data entry.SPSS 22.0 software was used for statistical analysis of data,including statistical description,?2 test,single factor/multi-factor unconditional logistic regression analysis,etc.,and the test level was ?=0.05,P<0.05.The difference was statistically significant.Results1.Epidemiological characteristics of major chronic diseases: The survey included a total of 4046 people,including 2309 males(57.1%)and 1737 females(42.9%);There were 1750 chronic diseases patients aged 18 years and over in a community in Jiayuguan City,the prevalence rate was 43.3%,the male patients were911,the prevalence rate was52.1%,and the female patients were 839,the prevalence rate was 47.9%.The difference was significant.Meaning(?2=31.613,P<0.001).The main chronic diseases of the community residents were hypertension,coronary heartdisease and diabetes.The number of cases was 1279,504 and 425,respectively.The prevalence rates were 31.6%,12.5% and 10.5%.The number and prevalence of male patients with chronic diseases were 652(51.0%),236(46.8%),and 226(53.2%),respectively.The number of female patients and the prevalence rate were 627(49.0%).268 cases(53.2%)and 199 cases(46.8%);the prevalence of hypertension among residents of different gender groups was statistically significant(?2=28.324,P<0.001),and the prevalence of coronary heart disease among different gender communities was different.Statistical significance(?2=24.656,P<0.001).2.Univariate logistic regression analysis showed that age,gender,marital status,family size,smoking,frequency of insomnia,consumption of dairy products,family history of hypertension,BMI grade,and diabetes were all risk factors associated with hypertension.The educational level,occupation,monthly income per capita,alcohol consumption,exercise,frequency of meat consumption,consumption of vegetables and fruits are all relevant protective factors for hypertension.The educational level,occupation,monthly income per capita,alcohol consumption,exercise,frequency of meat consumption,consumption of vegetables and fruits are all relevant protective factors for hypertension;age,gender,education level,marital status,occupation,family size,smoking Drinking,frequency of insomnia,frequency of eating meat,BMI grade are risk factors related to coronary heart disease,family monthly income,exercise,frequency of eating dairy products,consumption of vegetables and fruits,family history of family genetic diseases within three generations are coronary heart disease Relevant protective factors;age,occupation,family size,smoking,frequency of meat consumption,WC grade,BMI grade,whether or not hypertension is a risk factor for diabetes,education,marital status,monthly income per capita,alcohol consumption,frequency of insomnia,exercise,frequency of eating dairy products,consumption of fruits and vegetables,three The history of family hereditary diseases is a protective factor for diabetes.Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that age,smoking,frequency of insomnia,family history of hypertension,BMI grade,and diabetes were risk factors for hypertension.Education,drinking,and active exercise were protective factors for hypertension.Increased age,frequency of insomnia,history of family hereditary diseases within three generations,and BMI grade are related factors of coronary heart disease.Among them,age,frequency of insomnia,and BMI grade are risk factors for coronary heart disease;age increase,occupation Smoking,consumption of fruits andvegetables,BMI grade is a risk factor for diabetes.The analysis of the WC grade of waist circumference shows that age,occupation,smoking,consumption of fruits and vegetables,and BMI grade are risk factors for diabetes.3.Knowledge and influencing factors related to chronic diseases:The awareness rate of common chronic disease risk factors in a community of Jiayuguan City was28.4%,the awareness rate of high-risk population was 40%,the awareness rate of prevention measures was 67.1%,the standard awareness rate of salt intake was 26.2%,and the harmful harmful rate of smoking/passive smoking was 16.7.%,the awareness rate of heavy harmful drinking for a long time is 19.5%,and the awareness rates of height,weight,waist circumference,blood pressure and blood sugar are 93.6%,95%,61.4%,85.6%,and 78.9%,respectively.The results of one-way logistic regression analysis showed that gender,marital status,monthly income per capita,whether there is a health education book at home,whether to actively acquire health knowledge is a relevant protective factor for smoking/passive smoking,and the relevant risk factors of education level;age,education level,health education books are the relevant protection factors for salt intake standards;age,family per capita monthly income is a relevant protection factor for chronic disease prevention measures;gender,education level,whether to actively acquire health knowledge is a high-risk population with chronic disease characteristics Relevant protective factors;whether chronic diseases are known as salt intake standards,chronic disease prevention measures,and chronic disease high-risk population characteristics related risk factors.Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that whether or not chronic diseases are the standard risk factors for salt intake,age,education and family health education books are the protective factors;whether chronic diseases are chronic disease prevention measures,risk factors,age The monthly income of family per capita is its protective factor;whether or not chronic diseases are the risk factors for the characteristics of high-risk groups,gender and education level are the protective factors.4.Prevention and control of major chronic diseases among community residents : 696 people(17.2%)were aware of their own blood pressure above the normal range,193(78.9%)within the normal range,70(1.7%)below the normal range,and 87(2.2%)were unknown.There were 333 people(8.2%)in the normal range,3465(85.6%)in the normal range,20(0.5%)in the normal range,and 228(5.6%)in theunknown.The number of people who measured blood pressure within 1 day was 1261(31.2%),705(17.4%)of blood pressure was measured within 6 months,644(15.9%)of blood pressure was measured within 1 month;2213(54.7%)of blood glucose was measured within 6 months.1108 people(27.4%)who measured blood glucose within one year;1084(26.8%)who participated in hypertension follow-up,173(4.3%)who did not participate,and 56(1.4%)who did not know;participated in diabetes follow-up Management of 567 people(14.0%),796(19.7%)without participants,120(3.0%)without knowledge;treatment control measures for patients with hypertension,1350(33.4%)according to doctor's advice,847(20.9%)for blood pressure monitoring),exercise,diet control were 707(17.5%),563(13.9%);99(1.3%)who took the drug when symptomatic,only 1.2% did not take any measures;diabetic patients took oral hypoglycemic agents.292(7.2%),240 people(5.9%),217(5.4%),222(5.5%),137(3.4%),and 0.4%(0.4%)Measures.In terms of access to chronic disease knowledge information,TV,Internet,and doctors ranked in the top three,accounting for 62.5%,39.7%,and37.3%,respectively;in terms of chronic disease-related knowledge needs,they believed that “something needs to be understood” and “lack of many” accounted for The higher,followed by 50.6% and29.2%,considered "already sufficient" to account for 12.8%,"urgent need to understand" only7.4%.Conclusions1.The main chronic diseases of residents aged 18 and over in a community in Jiayuguan City are hypertension,coronary heart disease and diabetes.The prevalence of major chronic diseases,hypertension,coronary heart disease and diabetes in community residents is high,and it is at the upper-middle level in the country.It is at a high level in Gansu Province.The prevalence of hypertension and diabetes was higher in men than in women,and the prevalence of coronary heart disease was higher in women.The prevalence of hypertension,coronary heart disease and diabetes increased with age.There are differences in the prevalence of hypertension,coronary heart disease,and diabetes in different age groups,gender,education level,marital status,occupation,and family monthly income.2.Increased age,smoking,frequency of insomnia,family history of hypertension,BMI grade,and diabetes are risk factors for hypertension;education,drinking,and active exercise are protective factors for hypertension.Increased age,frequency of insomnia,and BMI grade are risk factors for coronary heart disease;monthly income,exercise,frequency of dairy products,and consumption of vegetables and fruits are the protective factors for coronary heart disease.Age,occupation,smoking,BMI grade,family history of family genetic disease within three generations are risk factors for diabetes;frequent eating of fruit is a protective factor for diabetes.3.Residents aged 18 and over in a community in Jiayuguan City are aware of common control methods for chronic diseases,knowledge of high-risk populations with chronic diseases,long-term lack of sleep,awareness of physical discomfort,high levels of height,weight,blood pressure,and blood glucose,and common risk factors for chronic diseases.Knowing that salt intake standards are known,long-term heavy drinking will lead to disease awareness,smoking/passive smoking is seriously harmful,and the waist circumference is known to be low.The knowledge level of chronic disease related knowledge in a community of Jiayuguan City has further improved,and The awareness rates of chronic diseases related to residents of different communities of different ages,education levels,occupations,monthly average income,and whether they have chronic diseases are different.4.A community resident in Jiayuguan City recently measured blood pressure and blood sugar,and his blood pressure and blood sugar were better.Most community residents participated in the follow-up management of hypertension and diabetes in primary care institutions.Most patients with hypertension and diabetes have adopted treatment control measures.Among them,those who take medication according to doctor's advice and oral hypoglycemic agents account for a relatively high proportion.The top three in the way of community residents' access to chronic disease-related knowledge information are television,internet and doctors.The demand for chronic disease-related knowledge is relatively high,and the ratio of “need to know some”and “lack of much” is relatively high.The public health knowledge of chronic diseases in community residents is not high,and the knowledge needs of patients with hypertension,coronary heart disease and diabetes are high.