Study On The Relationship Between Dietary Changes And Obesity In Chinese Residents From 2000 To 2011

ObjectiveThe purpose of this study is to analyze the changes in food consumption and dietary patterns of Chinese residents from 2000 to 2011,to understand the characteristics and influencing factors of each dietary pattern,and to discuss the influence of food intake and dietary patterns on overweight/obesity and central obesity in combination with the changing trend of obesity incidence of Chinese residentsMethodsA longitudinal follow-up study was conducted by using data from the China Health and Nutrition Survey(CHNS).Based on the descriptive statistical analysis of the food consumption and overweight/obesity condition of the residents,this study established the dietary patterns of the population by using the latent profile analysis(LPA)model,and employed the multivariate logit model to analyze the impact of individual socio demographic characteristics on the dietary pattern.The multi-level random intercept linear model was used to analyze the impact of dietary pattern on BMI and waist circumference of residents,and the multi-level random intercept logistic regression model was used to analyze the impact of individual dietary pattern on the risk of overweight/obesity.Results1.In this study,4195 subjects were followed up,including 2,357 women and 1838 men.The subjects were between 18 and 80 years old.Rural residents accounted for 70.35%,urban residents accounted for 29.65%,and about half of the residents'education level was primary school or below.The proportion of smoking and drinking was about 30%.Compared with 2000,the number of smoking and drinking decreased slightly in 2011.The annual income of households increased from 22.0 thousand yuan in 2000 to 49.8 thousand yuan in 2011.2.There were four main dietary patterns in the food intake of Chinese residents,namely,the "northern pattern" with vegetables,flour,pork and milk as the main food,the "southern pattern" with vegetables,pork,fish,shrimp and rice as the main food,the "multigrain pattern" with vegetables,beans,potatoes and rice as the main food,and the "fast food" pattern with vegetables,fast food,beans and wine as the main food.3.With the increase of age,residents' preference for northern pattern and multigrain pattern increased;the higher the education level and annual family income,the residents tended to choose fast food pattern and northern pattern rather than multigrain pattern;urban residents preferred fast food pattern and southern pattern rather than multigrain pattern compared with rural residents;smoking residents tended to choose fast food pattern.4.From 2000 to 2011,the overweight rate of residents increased from 27.58%to 33.66%,with an increase of 22.04%,the obesity rate increased from 6.70%to 11.47%,with an increase of 71.19%,and the incidence rate of central obesity increased from 38.33%to 57.90%,with an increase of 51.06%.5.There was a positive correlation between the southern pattern and the BMI of women in 2011(P<0.05),while the fast food pattern had a significant positive correlation with the BMI of men(P<0.05);There was a significant positive correlation between fast food pattern and waist circumference of men in 2000(P<0.01),and there was a positive correlation between southern pattern and waist circumference of women in 2011(P<0.05);The fast food pattern was positively correlated with the occurrence of overweight/obesity in men in 2000(P<0.05),and positively correlated with the occurrence of overweight/obesity in women in 2011(P<0.05);The southern pattern was positively correlated with the central obesity of women in 2011(P<0.05),the multigrain pattern was negatively correlated with the central obesity of women in 2011(P<0.05),and the fast food pattern was positively correlated with the central obesity of men in 2000(P<0.05).Conclusions1.Food consumption in China is becoming more diversified,with a decrease in the proportion of cereals and plant foods consumed,an increase in the intake of animal foods,and a substantial increase in the intake of fast food.The science of dietary collocation still needs to be improved.Dietary patterns were influenced by factors such as age,socioeconomic status,urban and rural area,and smoking.2.The obesity situation of Chinese residents is not optimistic.The proportion of overweight,obesity and central obesity population has increased significantly,and the growth rate of male obesity is faster than that of female.Dietary patterns based on fast food and animal foods increase the risk of obesity,while dietary patterns based on coarse grains are protective factors for obesity.