| Objective: To clarify the epidemiological status of hypertension and related risk factors of Tibetans at the very high altitude areas(>4500m).Methods:From June 2017 to May 2018,native Tibetan residents living in Seni district(4507m),Naqu city of Tibet were randomly selected.Inclusion criteria:(1)age≥18 years old.(2)Participants have traveled no more than 3 months a year to plain areas(altitude <200m),and haven’t left the Seni district for a long time(>3 days)in the 6months before data collection.Exclusion criteria:people with various critical illnesses(Such as severe cardiovascular disease,chronic liver or kidney disease),people who are losing or gaining weight,pregnant women and people can’t cooperate with the investigation.A face-to-face questionnaire survey and field measurements were used to collect the information of gender,age,drinking,smoking,blood pressure,height,weight,body mass index(BMI),education level,occupation,marital status,history of hypertension and Pittsburgh sleep quality index(PSQI)from participants.The survey population was stratified according to age(18-29 years old,30-39 years old,40-49 years old,50-59 years old,60 years old and above),education level(uneducated,primary school,junior-senior high school,university),PSQI score(no sleep disorder,mild sleep disorder,moderate sleep disorder,severe sleep disorder)and BMI.SPSS25.0 software was used for data analysis to compare the epidemiology of hypertension among the groups and hypertension risk factors were determined according to the results of binary logistic regression analysisResults:1.A total of 3,440 people were selected and 1447 people(42.1%)were detected with hypertension,including 794 males and 653 females.Male incidence of hypertension was significantly higher than female(47.4% vs.37.0%).The prevalence rate of drinking group was significantly higher than that of non-drinking group(54.2% vs.31.8%).The prevalence rate of married group was significantly higher than that of single group(44.3% vs.12.1%).The prevalence rate of non-smoking group was higher than thatof smoking group(44.8% vs.36.4%).The degree of sleep disorder affected the prevalence rate,the highest was severe group(97.2%)and the lowest was no sleep disorder group(18.3%).The prevalence of hypertension was different in different education groups,the highest was uneducated group(65.3%),and the lowest was junior/senior high school group(22.6%).The above differences were statistically significant(P<0.001).2.The prevalence of hypertension increases with age,among five age groups were10.9% 、 21.4% 、 42.9% 、 57.1% 、 69.0%(P < 0.05).Prevalence of male was higher than that of female in all age groups(P<0.001).3.The awareness rate,treatment rate,and control rate of hypertension were 17.6%,7.0%,and 1.8%.Male treatment rate was higher than female(P<0.05),while there was no gender difference between the awareness rate and control rate.These data in farming and pastoral group were significantly lower than the civil service group,they were12.7%vs.42.3%,2.0% vs.32.6%,0% vs.10.9%,respectively(P < 0.05).Awareness rate,treatment rate,and control rate were affected by education level,the university group had the highest score(42.2%,40.6%,15.6%),followed by the junior/senior high school group(31.7%,23.5%,8.2%).The primary school group had the lowest hypertension awareness rate among the four groups and the treatment rate,control rate are lowest in the uneducated group(P<0.05).4.Binary logistic regression analysis showed that male,increasing age,sleep disorder,smoking,drinking were risk factors of hypertension.Conclusion: Tibetans in the very high altitude areas have a high prevalence of hypertension,and their awareness rate,treatment rate and control rate are very low.Male,increasing age,drinking,smoking and sleep disorder are the major risk factors for hypertension. |
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