| Objective: Working memory(WM)refers to the memory system used for temporary storage and processing of information in the course of daily life.Imaging results show that working memory has a strong connection with the frontal lobe of the brain.Working memory involves multiple brain regions,including the frontal lobe,prefrontal cortex,and anterior buckle,as well as active organization,storage,and retrieval of information.Waiting for these simpler procedures involves the ventral midfrontal lobe.Among those with working memory impairments such as schizophrenia is a severely disabling disease characterized by positive and negative symptoms and cognitive deficits.It is generally believed that this cognitive deficit is often related to insufficient working memory.With the deepening of related research,working memory impairment is considered an important feature of cognitive deficits in schizophrenic patients.However,the effect of drug treatment is not ideal.In recent years,traditional transcranial direct current stimulation(t DCS)and high-definition transcranial direct current stimulation(HD-t DCS)have achieved certain results in research on working memory,There are relatively few studies on transcranial direct current stimulation to improve the working memory of schizophrenia,and the results are also inconsistent.This article aims to explore the effect of high-precision transcranial direct current stimulation on the working memory of patients with schizophrenia.Methods: Forty-nine patients with schizophrenia were randomly divided into a true stimulation group(n=25)and a sham stimulation group(n=24).The patients were treated with transcranial direct current to stimulate the left frontal and lateral frontal lobe.At F3,the cathode electrodes are FP1,F7,C3,and FZ.The current was set to 1.5 m A,the stimulation time was set to 20 min,and the stimulation was performed once a day for 14 days.In order to avoid subject discomfort and possible pain,we set the current rise and fall times to 30s;under false stimulus conditions,the parameter settings are the same as true stimulus,but only 30 s at the start and end of the stimulus A current is passed during the time to ensure that the subject does not know which stimulus was received.Both groups of patients completed the neuropsychological background test and symptom evaluation before stimulation;the two groups of patients completed the n-back task again after the stimulation,and compared and observed the changes in the performance of the n-back task before and after the true and sham stimulation,and the symptoms and neuropsychology.Results: Before stimulation,there was no significant difference in neuropsychological tests,clinical symptoms,demographic data,and working memory task performance between the true stimulation group and the false stimulation group(P> 0.05);n-back tasks before and after stimulation in the two groups of patients Accuracy(ACC)and reaction time(RT)values were analyzed.The results showed that the RT(523.10 ± 166.53)ms on the 0-back task of the true stimulation group was lower than that of the false one compared to before The stimulation group(612.56 ± 160.96)ms,and the difference was statistically significant(F = 4.101,P = 0.049);at the level of response accuracy,the true stimulation group ’s accuracy rate(0.69 ± 0.23)was higher than the false stimulation in the 1-back task Group(0.52 ± 0.28),the difference was statistically significant(F = 10.27,P = 0.002),the accuracy rate of the true stimulation group(0.50 ± 0.21)was higher than the false stimulation group(0.34 ± 0.18)on the 3-back task accuracy rate.The difference was statistically significant(F = 13.637,P = 0.001).In the neuropsychological test,the results have improved,but there is no statistical significance(P> 0.05).Conclusion: This study uses transcranial direct current stimulation for long-term intervention in patients with schizophrenia.The results show that transcranial direct current stimulation can effectively improve the working memory of patients with schizophrenia;at the same time,it can also improve basic cognitive functions to a certain extent;in future research,transcranial direct current stimulation can be used as a clinical intervention technology treat patients with schizophrenia. |
PDF Full Text Request