The Research Of Shengjing Area’s Merchant Community In Qing Dynasty

In the early peirod of the Qing Dynasty,Shengjing region was sparsely populated,many people made a living by farming.Since the implementation of the Liaodong reclamation policy,the immigration was increasing and refugees began to engage in commercial activities in Shengjing area.Road traffic is the link of business activities.With the development of commercial traffic road,the traffic in Shengjing area was very convenient by the end of the Qing Dynasty.In the early peirod of the Qing Dynasty,Shandong,Shanxi,Zhili province merchants have entered the Shengjing area to engage in business activities.Influenced by tributary trade,North Korean Envoys frequently traded in Shengjing area along the line,and carried out trade activities in Liaodong,Shenyang and the border gate Niuzhuang area.Since the ban on maritime trade increasingly relaxed,Fujian and Guangdong businessmen coming one after another.After the Yingkou opened,foreign merchants swarmed into Shengjing area.Among them,the number of Japanese businessmen was the largest and the most powerful.Russia,the United States and other countries merchant were not willing to lag behind,competing to seize the big commodity markets in Shengjing area.By virtue of their own economic advantages,businessmen from all over the world have made great efforts to infiltrate commercial capital in Shengjing area,forming a regional distribution pattern with certain regularity.Businessmen have different economic strength,different regions and different business activities.The inland merchants represented by Shanxi,Shandong and zhili province have opened silk shops,wine workshop,investment silver furnaces,or engaged in the sale of foreign wares in Shengjing area.Fujian,Guangdong and other places of coastal maritime matters more actived in Shengjing region,Guangdong businessmen to open oil mill,silver furnace,Fujian businessman in Shengjing area more beans,tea and other major ports in food commodities trading goods.Affected by the ban policy and rulers did not allow the Banner People in business conditions,the number of the local businessmen were little,not into separate system,scattered in areas of the large village,town of shengjing,cottage products more engaged in the business.The foreign merchants were attached to politicalprivileges,and opened a number of large factories and foreign businesses in shengjing area,and engaged in business of cloth,flour,and groceries.All kinds of businessmen have made an important contribution in promoting Shengjing changes of regional economic development and modernization but not deny that foreign traders trade activities is also one of colonization deepen major cause of Shengjing area.