A Research On The Usage Of Dialectal Degree Adverbs In Heze Local Putonghua

With the popularization of Putonghua,the contact between dialect and Putonghua is becoming more frequent.Putonghua is based on northern dialect,while Heze dialect belongs to Zhongyuan Mandarin.Therefore,Heze dialect has many similarities with Putonghua,but there also exist many differences.It is these differences that produce Heze Putonghua variety.Based on language contact theory,adopting the research method of observation and questionnaire,this study interviewed 80 Heze local people with different gender,age,education background,occupation and place.With the collection and arrangement of total 296 tokens on the use of six most commonly used special degree adverbs,this paper has carried out the comparative analysis on the use of the degree adverbs in Heze local Putonghua,and has obtained mathematical statistics with the help of GOLDVARB X on the application of dialectal degree adverbs on Heze local Putonghua.What's more,people's attitudes towards the use of Heze local Putonghua and its influence on the latter have been investigated.The study finds that Heze local Putonghua is a variety which is mainly produced by the interaction of both internal and external factors of language.Heze local Putonghua is originated from the communicating situation in which they consciously and unconsciously they add some characteristics of Heze dialect to Mandarin.Among the six commonly used dialectal degree adverbs in Heze local Putonghua,namely,Tui,Xie,Hai,Guai,Zen,Duo.Tui is used the most frequently,and then Xie,Guai and Zen,while the use Hai and Duo is less than the other four adverbs.The use of dialect adverbs in Heze local Putonghua shows the distribution of sex,women use more with this variation in daily speech than men;people at the age of 31-45 prefer to use this language variety;Individual traders tend to use the Heze local Putonghua;in the market places and canteens,Heze local Putonghua is used more frequently than other places.In terms of language attitude,most of the local people can accept Heze local Putonghua.Among them,men are more willing to accept this language variant than women,and the higher their educational level,the more people are against using this local Putonghua.Besides,retailers are more receptive to the use of Heze local Putonghua,but in some specific occasions,students and teachers will also use this local Putonghua.People who accept this variety of language generally believe that Heze local Putonghua with Heze dialectal degree adverbs is humorous,cordial,emotional,and has the characteristics of Heze dialect.The phenomenon of language contact and fusion is a reflection of local social changes.This study provides a certain perspective to understand degree adverbs in Heze dialect,and to further study and to protect dialects.Due to some limitations of the author's own ability and investigation conditions,the number of respondents in this paper needs to be expanded and the method of research needs to be improved.