Forty-two Explanations Of Difficult Words In Epitaphs Of Sui And Tang Dynasties

As a unique original corpus,the epitaph is greatly helpful the study of Chinese history and the development history of Chinese characters.The epitaph is a special product of funeral culture,which first appeared in the Wei and Jin Dynasties.It was the most prosperous in the Sui and Tang Dynasties with the largest number of unearthed epitaphs.At the same time,the texts in the Sui and Tang Dynasties are mostly based on regular scripts and running scripts,which is more convenient for the collection and reading of materials.There are many research literatures on the epitaphs of the Tang Dynasty.Since the Song Dynasty,scholars have collected the full text for research,but the purpose is to make unofficial history to increase the conversation.However,the number of excavations unearthed in the Sui Dynasty is less than Tang Dynasty was affected by the objective conditions of the Sui Dynasty because of the influence of the objective condition that existed for a short time.The epitaphs of Sui Dynasty,compiled by Wang Qiyi and Zhou Xiaowei,include 643 epitaphs of Sui Dynasty.The newly unearthed epitaphs of Sui and Tang Dynasty in Gaoyang yuan,Chang’an,compiled by Li Ming,Liu Daiyun and Li Jugang,is an epitaphs of Sui and Tang Dynasties,unearthed in recent years,including more than 100 tombs of Sui and Tang Dynasties Chang’an Stele Inscription includes 317 tablets of Sui and Tang Dynasties by Wu Minxia.Takes the unearthed epitaphs of Sui and Tang dynasties as the research object,this paper mainly investigates the characters,vocabulary and allusions in the epitaphs,and make interpretation and collation of them.This paper has four chapters,the main structure is as follows:The first chapter is the introduction,which mainly introduces the research status,research methods,research significance.The second chapter is divided into two sections according to the order of the dynasty,which mainly explains the difficult and folk characters in the rubbings,and divides the folk characters in Sui and Tang Dynasties epitaphs into two categories:uninterpreted characters and misinterpreted characters.Misinterpretation refers to illiteracy of folk characters and therefore lead to errors.Uninterpretation refers to the direct input of the epitaphs characters,but still inconsistent with orthographic characters.Among them,there are 6 uninterpreted characters in Sui Dynasty epitaphs and 1 uninterpreted characters in Tang Dynasty epitaphs.Textual research on 9 misinterpreted characters in Sui Dynasty epitaphs and 1 misinterpreted word in Tang Dynasty epitaphs.These folk characters are produced either because of improper engraving,or because of the use of ancient Chinese,or because they are similar to each other,or because people do not know the allusions in editing and thus make mistake today.The third chapter is a discussion of the epitaph words of Sui and Tang dynasties,which are divided into two sections according to the order of dynasties.This chapter mainly discusses some words not included in the dictionary,explains the meaning of the words and supplements the contents of the dictionary.In addition,although the dictionary is included,the meaning of the words is not complete,and the fails to cover the semantics terms for discussion.Traditional exegetics mainly focuses on the interpretation of specific words,but the materials used are less epitaphs.This paper examines 10 epitaphs of Sui and Tang Dynasties from synchronic and diachronic perspectives,which can advance the earliest documentary age of some words and phrases,and provide a reference for the study of Chinese historical lexicology.Chapter four is to correct the omissions caused by ignorance of allusions and overflowing.The style of epitaph is relatively fixed,the part of epitaph is prose,and the part of epitaph is mostly rhyme.A lot of allusions are often used in epitaph to add rhetoric.Owing to the swift migration of the mausoleum valley,the epitaph has gone through years and its surface is often diffuse.There are some gaps in the explanations,some of which are due to unknown allusions,some of which are due to the use of allusions make it difficult to understand,and some of which are due to the vagueness.These conditions are not conducive to the reading of epitaphs,and at the same time these conditions are also easy to cause misinterpretation of the text.Therefore,a total of 15 interpretations of Sui and Tang epitaphs were selected.Including 3 Sui epitaphs and 12 Tang epitaphs.Emphasis is laid on the correction of the deficiencies in the explanatory texts of Tang Dynasty epitaphs.The supplementary texts which can also help to summarize the development of words and phrases and provide references for the research of other disciplines.