Study On The Usage Of Characters In Bamboo Slips Form The Western Han Dynasty Collected By Peking University

In this paper,we take one to five volumes of the western Han dynasty bamboo slips collected by Peking University have been published as research materials.First of all,we select 35 typical word examples,discuss each use case one by one,hope to understand the rules of the usage of characters.And then explore the overall appearance of the characters and the characteristics of each literature.The western Han dynasty bamboo slips came into being in the middle western Han dynasty,and the unearthed documents and materials in the early and late western Han dynasty are abundant in quantity and variety,but material resources were relatively scarce in the middle western han dynasty,therefore,it is of great significance to understand the appearance of Chinese characters in the middle western Han dynasty by mastering the phenomenon and rules of Chinese characters used in the western Han dynasty bamboo slips.The published bamboo slips contain 13 articles:the first volume “Cangjie article”;The second volume “Lao zi”;The third volume “Zhou Xun”“Zhaozheng book”“Ru jia shuo cong”“Yin yang jia yan”;The fourth volume “Wang ji”“Fan yin”;The fifth volume“Jie”“Rain book”“Kan yu”“Jing jue”“Liu bo”.This paper consists of four parts.The first part is the introduction,which explains the object,significance and method of the research,and introduces the selection principle of word examples.The second part revised the interpretation,on the basis of sorting out the opinions of various interpretations,absorbing and itemize the opinion we think reasonable,laying the foundation for the statistics and research of the word method.In the third part is “the author explains the characters with examples”,grasps the situation and distribution of characters,and examines the rules of characters one by one through a diachronic arrangement and synchronic comparison.The fourth part is an overall survey of the usage of characters,which analyzes them from the perspectives of frequency,word relationship,time and region,and literature distribution,and summarizes the similarities and differences of the usage of characters in each paper.There are three innovation points in this paper.First,we use the ACCESS database for data statistics and analysis,including the database of the western Han dynasty bamboo slips collected by Peking University and the corpus of qin and han dynasties,to ensure the stability and accuracy of the data.Secondly,the thirty-six groups of Chinese characters are studied in detail.Thirdly,the Han slips from Peking University and other unearthed documents were compared and described respectively with the Han slips from Dingxian county and the silk book Laozi.