| In this paper,the object of study is that temporary metaphorical words with the symbol of? in Modern Chinese Dictionary(7th Edition).The research methods of this paper are quantitative analysis and qualitative analysis for the semantic condition of double-syllable temporary metaphorical words.On the premise of determining the conversion criterion of temporary metaphorical words to fixed metaphorical words,this paper makes quantitative statistics on 336 double-syllable temporary metaphorical words according to the three criteria of "the differences between the original meaning of temporary metaphorical words and the metaphorical meaning","the similarities between the original meaning of temporary metaphorical words and the metaphorical meaning" and "the frequent use of temporary metaphorical words",then counts up the words and their numbers which measure up the criterion or not.The purpose of this study is to explore which words in Modern Chinese Dictionary(7th Edition)have the qualification to enter the rank of fixed figurative words.The first chapter introduces the research object,purpose and method of this paper,and summarizes the previous studies.The second chapter is the determination of the research object.It makes a static description of the range,definition,nature and type distribution of temporary metaphorical words,in order to observe the distribution of temporary metaphorical words in the dictionary,and determines the research range is the double-syllable temporary metaphorical words in Modern Chinese Dictionary(7th Edition).At the same time,it also introduces the selection of fixed metaphorical words which regarded as reference criteria.The third chapter is to determine the transformation criterion of temporary metaphorical words to fixed metaphorical words.After understanding and integrating the existing views on the transformation criterion,the transformation criterion referred to in this paper is determined.That is,(1)the original meaning and metaphorical meaning of words must be significantly different;(2)the original meaning and metaphorical meaning of words must be very similar at a point;(3)the original meaning and metaphorical meaning of words can cause people'ssimilarity association;(4)the metaphorical meaning of words is familiar to people and commonly used by people.In addition to the criterion(3),the other three criteria are studied quantitatively in turn.The fourth chapter is to study the criterion of "the original meaning of words must be significantly different from the figurative meaning".Finally,41 words can not be verified.The fifth chapter is to examine the criterion of "the original meaning of words and metaphorical meaning must be very similar at a point".Finally,14 temporary metaphorical words can not be verified.The sixth chapter is to examine the criterion of "the metaphorical meaning of words is familiar to people and commonly used by people".336 temporary double-syllable metaphorical words are put into CCL modern Chinese corpus to observe the usage of metaphorical meaning and calculate the proportion of metaphorical meaning.Finally,88 words pass the criterion.The seventh chapter is the presentation of the final conclusion.Through the examination of the three criteria in turn,it is finally determined that 73 temporary metaphorical words in Modern Chinese Dictionary(7th Edition)can be included in the range of fixed metaphors,and set up fixed metaphors for them.At the same time,the following rules are observed: on the premise that a verb can be widely used and known,if the action subject or object between the original meaning and the figurative meaning of the verb has shifted,and the function between the original meaning and the figurative meaning is similar,then the verb is most likely to enter the fixed figurative meaning range;on the premise that a noun can be widely used and known by people,if the object between the original meaning and the figurative meaning of the noun has shifted,and the original meaning and the figurative meaning are similar in nature and function,then the noun is most likely to enter the fixed figurative meaning range. |
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