| Numbers have many different forms of symbol expression.In the processing of different symbol numbers,the access to semantic information refers to the process of obtaining digital semantic information after a series of characterization codes after people see the digital stimulus.Only under the premise of obtaining semantic information,people can perform complex processing such as comparison and calculation of symbol numbers.For bilinguals who have mastered two or more languages or dialects,they have not only mastered multiple languages,but also mastered symbolic numbers in multiple languages.So,how do bilinguals communicate with their semantic information in the form of symbolic numbers in different languages? This is the focus of this study.Regarding symbolic digital processing,there have been studies that have systematically investigated the field of digital cognition.Some studies have found that when subjects are presented with digital stimuli and are required to complete tasks such as number comparison and parity judgment that require semantic access,the processing performance of numbers with different symbols differs.Are there differences in processing performance in tasks? Previous theories about digital cognition have not given a clear explanation.From a linguistic point of view,numbers are also a language,with three types of information: form,sound and meaning.From this,we speculate that the semantic accessibility of numbers may have similar characteristics to the semantic accessibility of language words.Previous studies have found that in the process of language processing,there are mainly three kinds of access models for the access of vocabulary semantic information,namely,voice intermediary channel,direct channel and dual channel.So,how do the numbers of different symbols reach the semantic information in processing? Will the processing performance of symbolic numbers be affected because of the different channels of semantic access? This study attempts to examine the differences in performance of digital processing of different symbols from the perspective of speech cognition.For bilinguals who master two or more languages,how can Symbol numbers in different language forms access semantic information? Considering that the mathematics learning of ethnic minority students in China has always attracted the attention of ethnic education researchers,and the use and processing of numbers by ethnic minority students also affect their mathematics learning to a certain extent,this study selected Tibetan Chinese bilinguals as subjects for investigation.On the one hand,we can explore the mathematics learning of ethnic minority students from the perspective of number cognition.At the same time,because Tibetan Chinese bilinguals have the internationally used numbers Arabic numerals,the Chinese Pinyin characters Tibetan numerals and the Chinese numerals of the second language ideograph,we can have a deeper understanding of the processing characteristics and similarities and differences of different number symbols in different languages.In addition,considering that the second language proficiency will affect the speech processing of bilinguals,this study also selected high skilled and low skilled bilinguals as the subjects.In Experiment 1,we first investigated the semantic accessibility of speech numbers.Using the experimental design of 2(number type: Tibetan number,Chinese number)×2(start type: consistent,inconsistent)×2(language proficiency: high,low),the subjects were required to judge the parity of Tibetan number and Chinese number under different voice start conditions.The results show that both Tibetan and Chinese bilinguals have speech priming effect in the process of semantic access,and the speech priming effect of Tibetan numbers is significantly greater than that of Chinese numbers,and language proficiency has no significant effect on the semantic access of the two speech numbers.It can be concluded that both Tibetan numbers and Chinese numbers have semantic information mediated by speech,and Tibetan numbers are more dependent on the semantic access of speech,and Chinese proficiency has no significant impact on the semantic access of the two speech numbers.Experiment 2 mainly studies the semantic access of Arabic numerals.Considering that Tibetan Chinese bilinguals can read Arabic numerals in Chinese and Tibetan,the experiment adopts the experimental design of 2(phonetic type: Tibetan,Chinese)×2(Startup type: consistent,inconsistent)×2(language proficiency: high,low).The subjects were required to make parity judgment on Arabic numerals under different voice starting conditions.The results show that the priming effect of Tibetan and Chinese speech is very significant.It can be seen that there are also voice mediated pathways in the semantics of Arabic numerals.In addition,the study also found that the priming effect of Tibetan speech is significantly greater than that of Chinese speech.This shows that in the process of phonetic access to semantics,the subjects are more likely to access the semantic information of Arabic numerals through Tibetan phonetics.Further study also found that high skilled subjects were not affected by the type of voice activation,while low skilled subjects were affected by the type of voice activation.It can be seen that the second language proficiency affects the semantic access of Arabic numerals of Tibetan Chinese bilinguals.In Experiment 3,we further used fNIRS technology to investigate the brain regions activated in three kinds of digital semantic access of Tibetan Chinese bilinguals.The results showed that Tibetan digit,Chinese digit and Arabic digit activated the bilateral top page of Tibetan Chinese bilinguals.In addition,in the left parietal lobe,the activation intensity and activation area of Tibetan numerals were significantly higher than that of Arabic numerals,and the activation of Arabic numerals was higher than that of Chinese numerals.This shows that the speech activation of Tibetan Chinese bilinguals to Tibetan digital processing is greater than that of Chinese and Arabic numerals,which proves to some extent that Tibetan digital semantic access is a voice intermediary channel.Through research,this study found that the Tibetan-Chinese bilinguals have different semantic access paths to the three symbolic numbers,and reached the following conclusions:(1)Both the Chinese numerals and Tibetan numerals of Tibetan-Chinese bilinguals have a form-sound-meaning path in the process of semantic communication,and the shape-sound-meaning path of Tibetan numbers is significantly stronger than that of Chinese numerals.And the semantic access path of both numbers is not affected by language proficiency.(2)The semantic accessibility of Arabic numerals is influenced by Chinese proficiency.Participants with high language proficiency use the form-meaning path to access semantics,while subjects with low language proficiency use the form-sound-meaning path to access semantics.(3)The processing of the three kinds of symbolic figures all activates the bilateral parietal lobe area.In the left brain area,the voice activation degree and activation range of Tibetan digits are significantly greater than that of Chinese numerals and Arabic numerals.The semantic access path provides evidence.In the end,this study is from the perspective of language,and the number-based semantic access path provides opinions and suggestions for the improvement of digital processing theory. |
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