Research On HSBC’s Loans To Modern China From The Perspective Of Conflict Of Interest

In 1865,HSBC was established in China.From its inception to the War of Resistance Against Japanese Aggression,HSBC dominated the modern Chinese financial industry,so it is the most representative foreign bank in the history of modern Chinese banks.It emerged in the modern history of semi-colonial and semi-feudalism in China.With the changes in modern Chinese politics and society,the Bank’s role in China is complicated.As a joint-stock commercial bank,its main business purpose is to obtain financial profit,but its actual business content in modern China exceeds far beyond the average foreign bank,and it often acts as the agent of the Central Bank of China.Its influence on modern China has two sides: it has provided financial services for the opium trade at the beginning of its establishment,and it provided financial loans to some enterprises in modern China during the Westernization Movement;it helped the UK gain more politic and economic privilege through the operation of China’s reparation and loan business,but also provided technical support for China’s railway construction,its investment activities in China promoted China’s modernization.In general,in a special period of modern China,HSBC most of the time represents the interests of the British nation.No matter from the intention or the result,it’s investment brought far more benefit to HSBC than to China.HSBC’s business objectives and strategies are different during different times.Before the Sino-Japanese War of 1894-1895,HSBC’s main purpose of lending loans to modern China was for the survival and development of the company itself.After the Sino-Japanese War of 1894-1895,as the representative acting for the UK’s political and economic policies to China,operated under the British privileged system and enjoyed preferential conditions brought by the British colonial policy.During this period,HSBC and the British interests were fundamentally consistent.Therefore,the purpose and influence of loans to modern Chinese is diversified.This paper intercepts the business process of HSBC from its initial establishment to the Nanjing National Government.This paper is based on historical materials,it uses historical,political,and economic theories to combine historical facts with historical data to analyze and restore HSBC’s background to modern Chinese loans.And it also has analyzed the impact of loans on China,HSBC,and the UK.This paper first explains the background,ideas,methods and significance of the topic,and secondly explains for the background of HSBC’s establishment and development in modern China.This paper follows the perspective of the conflict of interest among China,the United Kingdom and HSBC,describes the loan activity between HSBC and modern China and analyzes the situation at the time of the loan from HSBC’s railway loans to modern China,HSBC’s military and war reparations to modern China,HSBC’s enterprises and administrative loans to modern China.Finally,the article analyzes the two-sidedness and multiple influences in different aspects of HSBC’s lending activities in modern China,take HSBC as an example.