Research On The Influence Of Rural Social Endowment Insurance Income On Labor Supply Of Old People

The growing problem of aging has brought many challenges to the social pension problem.For the elderly in rural areas,most of them have no fixed jobs in middle-aged and young people because of their low level of education.Then even at the age of retirement,there is no corresponding salary and pensions,etc.provided by government units.Therefore,from the perspective of the elderly,the problem of old-age care for the elderly in rural areas is even more serious.Since the State Council's "Guiding Opinions on Launching a Pilot Program for New Rural Social Endowment Insurance" in 2009,the new rural social endowment insurance has developed rapidly from point to point throughout the country,and the concept of "social pension" has gradually become a problem for scholars.In 2014,in order to narrow the regional differences in social endowment insurance,the State Council proposed to merge the new rural social endowment insurance with urban residents' social endowment insurance into urban and rural residents' social endowment insurance.At the beginning of 2018,in order to better realize the "social pension",the social pension insurance for urban and rural residents once again raised the basic pension.And can "social pensions" alleviate the problem of old-age care,reduce the supply of labor provided by the elderly,especially the rural elderly,for basic living needs,or gradually replace the "family pension"?This is also a problem studied by many scholars,which provides a good idea and direction for the research of this paper.This paper takes the rural elderly as the research object,and empirically analyzes whether the social pension insurance income implemented in the rural areas can reduce the labor supply of the elderly.This paper adopts the data of China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study in 2015,and selects the income of social pension insurance as an independent variable.Since the introduction of new rural insurance and urban social pension insurance in 2014 is proposed as social pension insurance for urban and rural residents,Some of the social endowment insurance enjoyed by the rural elderly in 2015 has been renamed as the social endowment insurance for urban and rural residents by the new rural insurance.Therefore,the social pension insurance referred to in this paper refers to is the income of the new rural insurance for rural elderly or the social endowment insurance for urban and rural residents.The dependent variable is the labor supply time of the rural elderly,and the control variables are the characteristic variables of the individual characteristics and the family characteristic variables related to the individual and the regional variables of the area where the responding individual is located.Construct an operational empirical model to empirically test the theoretical model test.Then,according to the individual characteristics,the gender,age and region are divided into empirical analysis.In the empirical analysis process of this paper,the labor supply of rural elderly is divided into total labor supply time,agricultural labor supply time and non-agricultural labor supply time.The empirical results show that the increase of social pension insurance income level can reduce the elderly in rural areas.The labor supply time,especially the time for the elderly to engage in agricultural labor.However,there is no significant impact on the non-agricultural work of the elderly in rural areas.The control variables for individual and family characteristics in the model are also well explained.In addition,in order to observe in more detail the changes in the rural elderly under the influence of social pension insurance income.In this paper,the rural elderly are divided into three regions:east,middle and west according to their personal characteristics,including gender,age and regional characteristics.The results show that the total labor supply time of both rural males and females will be significantly reduced due to the income of social pension insurance,but the effect of reducing labor supply time for men is not as good as that of females;from the empirical analysis of age grouping It can be seen that for the elderly in rural areas of three ages,the income from pension insurance will significantly reduce the supply of total labor time,but from the marginal effect,rural seniors over 70 years old are brought by pension insurance income.The reduction in the supply time of agricultural labor is higher.Judging from the regression results of regional groupings,the increase in social endowment insurance income in the eastern and central regions will reduce the labor supply of rural elderly.However,the western region did not pass a significant test.This result also reflects the problem of regional differences in the implementation of the social pension insurance system.In addition,the non-agricultural labor supply time in the three regions of East,Central and West has not passed the significant test.In addition to the fact that the elderly in rural areas are less involved in non-agricultural labor,it also reflects that the current social pension insurance income is still in existence.The lower level of protection provides empirical support for better policy recommendations.