Research On Bus Route Planning Method Based On Mobile Phone Location Data

With the acceleration of China's urbanization process,urban traffic congestion and exhaust emissions of motor vehicles have become more serious.Improving the travel sharing ratio of public transport is an effective way to solve this problem.However,the current situation of public transport in most cities is far from meeting the daily travel needs of residents.Under the policy of public transport priority advocated,it is necessary to plan public transport routes to meet the actual travel needs of residents by computer technology.This method can enhance the attractiveness of public transport and ease the pressure of urban traffic.Planning public transport routes requires access to the travel information of residents.Traditional travel survey methods are time-consuming and laborious,and it is difficult to obtain comprehensive data.With the development of mobile phone positioning technology in recent years,using mobile phones as travel data detectors can efficiently and accurately obtain a large range of travel information of residents.At present,mobile phone positioning data is rarely applied directly to public transport routes planning.Based on the background,this paper uses the mobile phone positioning data provided by the communication operator to analyze the travel information of residents.Then,establish the public transport routes planning model,and design the algorithm to solve it.The main work and research of this paper are as follows:First of all,summarize the application status of mobile phone positioning data in the field of transport and the research status of public transport routes planning,analyze the limitations of existing research results,and propose a method of public transport routes planning which uses mobile location data to analyze the travel information of residents.Based on the traditional traffic area division method and the need of public transport routes planning,an improved traffic area division method is proposed.This paper identifies the starting and ending points of a trip by mobile phone positioning data.The starting and ending points is mapped to the traffic area.The OD matrix of residents' travel between different traffic areas is calculated.Secondly,this paper explains the theory of public transport routes planning,and analyzes the scientific and rationality of several typical public transport routes planning objective functions.Considered the interests of both travellers and public transport enterprises,this paper chooses the objective functions of minimizing the travel time of residents and maximizing the daily return rate of public transport enterprises.The linear weighting method is used to transform the objective function of the above two aspects into the single objective function.This model set the mileage of the line,the non-linear coefficient,and the number of transfer times as constraints.Then,this paper designs algorithms to solve this model.The solution of the model is divided into two parts.At the first part,the shortest path algorithm and the K shortest path algorithm is used to obtain a set of conforming alternative public transport routes under the constraint condition.At the second part,the genetic algorithm is used to combine the public transport routes to obtain the optimal public transport routes planning.In addition,the method of random initial population generation based on standard genetic algorithm is improved.At last,taking Qingdao West Coast New Area(West District)as an example,the public transport routes planning is carried out.According to the mobile phone positioning data provided by communication operators,the OD matrix of residents' travel between different traffic areas is obtained.The OD matrix is used as input data for the algorithm.This paper writes the algorithm by MATLAB software to solve the model.By comparing the optimal public transport route with the existing public transport route,the validity and rationality of the method of this paper are verified.