The Scale Effect And The Cognitive Deviation Of Rights In The Bargaining Game

The issue of fairness has always been a hot topic in psychology,sociology and economics.Bargaining game is the most commonly used paradigm in the study of fair distribution,which includes ultimatum game and dictator game.Previous studies have shown that the distributers in bargaining games tend to fair distribution,and When the Allocation proportion is less than 20%,the responder will refuse the the distribution result,which is not in line with the hypothesis of "economic man".Different theories have been put forward to explain this "irrational" behavior.This study attempts to explain people’s decision-making behavior through the cognitive bias-right cognition bias.In addition,this paper will discusses how does the allocation of money affect people’s decision making.Experiment 1 : using the method of virtual situation,from the perspective of the distributer explore decision-making behavior under different allocation amounts and different game paradigms.The results showed that the distributer’s allocation outcome in the ultimatum game was more fair than that of the dictator game,but it did not achieve absolute fair.In addition,with the increase of the allocation amount,the allocation proportion decreases gradually,showing the scale-effect.Finally,by comparing the subjects’ cognition about distribution right and the right of refusal,the results show that: compared with the right of refusal owned by the responder,The distributor valued his right of distribution more,showing the first-mover advantage,and this advantage effect is more and more obvious with the increase of allocation amount.Experiment 2: the main purpose is to explore people’s decision-making behavior under different allocation amounts and different game paradigms from the perspective of the responder.The data result is similar to experiment 1: the minimum proportion that the recipient willing to accept gradually decreases as the amount increases;Compared with his own right of refusal,the recipient also valued the right of distribution more,and with the increase of the allocation amount,this right cognition bias becomes more and more obvious.The recipients were not fully aware of their right.Through the analysis of the subjects ’response time,it is found that as the allocation amount increases,the peak value of the subjects’ response time is more and more biased towards the unfair distribution ratio.At the same time,it also found that with the increase of the allocation amount,the subject’s unfairness score for the same distribution ratio(7: 3)gradually increased,meaning that as the amount of money increased,the same level of unfair distribution will strengthen the subjects ’feeling of unfair But the recipient still chose to accept the unfair distribution result,proving that the reason of the scale effect is not money will reduces people ’s unfair feeling,and the right cognition bias is an important influencing factor,and partly proves that the rejection behavior of the recipient is self-interested,rather than pure fairness preference or injustice aversion.