Research On The Psychological Anomalism From The Perspective Of Anomalous Monism

"Psychological anomalism" refers to the features of mental events that cannot be interpreted or predicted by strict laws,nor can be reduced to the attribute of decisive laws.According to Davidson's anomalous monism,mental anomalism is proposed as a transcendental presumption,yet not widely accepted.Therefore,for the justification of non-reductive physicalism,it is necessary to explicate the unpredictability of mental events.The first chapter introduces the background of anomalous monism from the three hypotheses,the theory of token-identity and the theory of supervenience respectively.To be specific,the three hypotheses constitute the theoretical basis of the anomalous monism;the theory of token-identity claims that there is a token-identical relationship between specific spiritual events and physical events;the theory of attachment claims that there is a non-reductive relationship--"supervenience"--between mental attributes and physical attributes.The second chapter proves the unpredictability of mental events on the basis of the theory of rationalization.According to Davidson,the reason with which people explain or predict a certain mental event is not the exclusive cause of that mental event,but some rationalized conditions and even this rationalized conditions are not sufficiently convincing for people to accurately explain or predict mental events due to their limited cognitive ability.In the third chapter,from the perspective of meaning holism,it is proved that mental events can not be interpreted or predicted by psychological laws.Unlike the inference of concepts in physics,the connotation of every concept in psychology can not be easily inferred,therefore uncertain.The fourth chapter proves the unpredictability of mental events on the basis of the Theory of Emergence.On the one hand,all the substances in the world exist at a range of levels,from the micro to the macro,and the recursive process from the lower level to the higher level can be accompanied by the emergence of new attributes.On the other hand,as a higher-level emergent attribute,human consciousness cannot be reduced to a lower physical base,thus it cannot be rigorously interpreted or predicted.However,through further investigation,it is reasonable to find that all the theories mentioned above could be partial as well as one-sided.In order to obtain a thoroughly comprehensive explanation of the abnormality of spiritual events,the theories applied above should be regarded as a part of some non-reductive physicalism rather than competing paradigms.