| The diurnal changes in atmospheric ozone have a very good indication of the rapid changes in winter weather in the North China Plain: a sharp increase in ozone is often accompanied by a rapid cooling of the weather,and a sharp decrease in ozone often means a rapid warming of the weather.This study is based on the satellite ozone remote sensing data from 1979 to 2019,combined with the temperature reanalysis data from the European Mesoscale Forecast Center ERA-Interim during the same period,to explore the characteristics of the winter atmospheric temperature and total atmospheric ozone changes in the North China Plain,and the relationship between extreme cold and warm events and rich and poor events.The law of inter-annual change.The results show that from 1979 to 2019,the winter atmospheric temperature in the North China Plain showed an overall upward trend year by year,and the temperature increase rate of 2meters on the surface was greater than the temperature increase rate of 850 hpa.The near-surface temperature in the plain before the winter has a small change,and the temperature in the latter winter has increased significantly.During the same period,the total amount of atmospheric ozone in the winter showed a gradual decrease.From 1979 to 1992,it decreased at a rate of-0.711DU/a year by year;from 1996 to 2018,it decreased at a rate of-0.031DU/a.The degree of monthly decline in winter during 1979-1992 is VFeb>VJan>VDec.The frequency of near-surface extreme events increased wave-like,but there was a process of first decreasing and then increasing.The turning year occurred in 1991.The frequency of extreme cold events also first decreased and then increased.The number of days of extreme warm events first increased sharply and then slowly decreased.The frequency of extreme cold events in each month of winter also showed different degrees of first decrease and then increase,with a rate ranging from-7.5 to 3freq/10a;the frequency of extreme warm events in each month showed different degrees of first increase and then decrease,with a range of-Between 3~3.5freq/10 a.The number of rich and poor ozone events also showed a wave-like upward trend.Among them,the number of minihole events showed an increasing trend,and the number of minihigh events showed a sharp decrease and then a gentle upward trend.The comparison of the growth rate of the number of rich and poor ozone events in each month in the plain winter is VFeb>VJan>VDec.The correlation between total atmospheric ozone and near-surface temperature is used as the object to evaluate whether the rapid changes in ozone in the study area have an indicative effect on extreme weather,and the combination of statistical analysis and atmospheric backward trajectory tracking analysis is used to investigate the winter in North China.The action mechanism of the rapid change of atmospheric ozone that is accompanied by the rapid change of cold and warm weather.Analysis shows that there is a significant negative correlation between the total monthly ozone in the North China Plain and the temperature of 850 h Pa in winter,with a correlation coefficient of-0.321.Regarding the rapid changes in ozone in the process of rapid weather changes,Koch et al.proposed two mechanisms of long-distance meridional transport(A mechanism)and local atmospheric vertical movement(B mechanism).However,during the rapid changes in winter weather in North China,We discovered the existence of the third mechanism,namely,the upper atmosphere(the upper troposphere to the stratosphere)and the lower atmosphere(the middle and lower troposphere)move in opposite directions,resulting in abnormal performance of ozone changes and weather changes: the ozone decreases rapidly during the rapid cooling process.,And the rapid increase in ozone during the rapid warming process.The existence of this mechanism is closely related to the special geographical location of the North China Plain and the high-level and low-level atmospheric circulation. |
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