Research Of Cognition Experiment And Spatio-temporal Behavior Of Hospital Emergency Evacuation Based On VR

Virtual geographic experiments and analysis of crowds spatio-temporal behavior are the hot spots in current geographic information science.Virtual evacuation cognition experiment can provide a controllable environment for perceiving and measuring.By designing and controlling different situational variables,the detailed and objective dynamic experimental data of crowd behavior are obtained,so as to explore the crowd's cognitive and behavioral rules of evacuation in the virtual fire environment.At the same time,the research results can be further applied to crowd evacuation modeling and provide a scientific basis for the formulation and optimization of the actual emergency evacuation plan.Based on the theory of virtual geographic experiment,taking a hospital as an example,this paper proposes the framework and design principles of virtual evacuation cognitive experiment through the combination of virtual reality and eye-tracking technology,and carries out virtual fire evacuation cognitive experiments oriented to three indoor evacuation spatial cognitive modes.Meanwhile,statistical analysis,visual analysis,spatio-temporal behavior analysis and other methods are used to study the individual's evacuation cognitive behavior rules for emergency identification,safety evacuation map and human-agent cooperation under the background of hospital fire evacuation.The main results and new ideas of this paper are as follows:(1)Based on the theory of virtual geographic experiment and virtual geographic cognition experiment,the conceptual framework and design principles of "virtual evacuation cognitive experiment" are proposed.From the perspective of humanoriented cognition,this paper explores the micro human-land relationship of three indoor evacuation spatial cognitive modes(spatial object cognition,spatial structure cognition,and crowd mutual subject cognition),and tries to find the spatio-temporal behavior mode behind crowd evacuation and spatial place perception by means of real person controlling avatar participating in the experiment.(2)The virtual evacuation cognition experiment platform is constructed.Taking the hospital as the case area,the eye movement experiment of emergency signs,the cognition experiment of safety evacuation map and the evacuation experiment of human-agent cooperation are innovatively designed and carried out,which provided new ideas and approaches for the study of crowd evacuation behavior in emergency environment.(3)The objective experimental data related to spatio-temporal behavior and perception behavior under the background of virtual hospital fire evacuation were quantitatively obtained and comprehensively analyzed.The results show that:·The eye movement experiment of emergency signs is helpful to optimize the layout of place and symbol design of emergency evacuation signs.The experiment finds that there are significant differences in evacuation time between the three scenarios(no-sign,sign,and smoke).Emergency signs,smoke and the starting position of escape have significant influences on evacuation time.The micro environment of indoor passage near the initial position of escape has great influence on the choice of initial evacuation direction and safety exits.The layout of emergency evacuation signs in this hospital is reasonable.The perception rate of channel wall signs is the highest and that of the hanging signs is the lowest.The focus of emergency evacuation signs is mostly located at the starting position and near the safety exit.However,the eye fixation points near the safety exit are mostly located at the safety door rather than the hanging exit signs.Therefore,the number of hanging signs and the visual attraction of hanging exit signs should be increased.·The cognition experiment of safety evacuation map is helpful to improve the spatial cognition effect of individual in short-term memory.The experiment shows that the two-dimensional safe evacuation map has a significant impact on evacuation time and is helpful for individuals to evacuate in the threedimensional environment.Individual spatial cognition effect can be effectively improved after viewing the safe evacuation map.And the cognitive effect of spatial shape is improved most significantly.·The evacuation experiment of human-agent cooperation verifies individual conformity behavior from a quantitative perspective.It is found that agent crowd has a significant influence on evacuation time and the horizontal angle of sight.The human participants are influenced by agent crowd with known safety exits information,resulting in positive conformity behavior and faster evacuation.