An EEG Comparative Study Of Virtual Reality And Real Environment

Virtual reality technology(Virtual Reality,VR)with a good sense of immersion,can well realize the virtualization of real scenes,and create a multi-sensory and multi-modal stimulation.Numerous studies have shown that training in virtual reality enhances a sense of balance and spatial orientation.By personalized task scenarios in virtual reality,patients suffering from Alzheimer's disease or requiring rehabilitation treatment have improved their different various cognitive abilities after a period of training.In addition,some studies have applied it to autistic and achieved good results.But it is not clear that the reason for the improvement,and it is no evident that the extent to which the abilities learned in VR can be transferred to real environment.Starting from the current dilemma faced by virtual reality,this study combines neuroscientific methods to research the equivalence and differences between VR and real environments.The experimental design includes resting state,observation state and task for real-time recording of subjects' EEG signal and behavioral performance.A total of 92 subjects participated in the experiment.Signal artifacts and incomplete recorded data are excluded from the preprocessing.The final data used for analysis is 75 cases.The main work is as follows:First,the power spectrum analysis is used to estimate the relative power of each frequency band under each mission state,and further calculate the correlation coefficient of each frequency band for observation state and task in virtual and real environment.It is found that the relative power in the Delta frequency band of the real observation and the VR observation is positively correlated.The correlation coefficient of the Theta band in task state is 0.81,and the Alpha band is 0.73 with a strong correlation.Because these frequency bands are mainly related to cognitive abilities such as working memory,attention and precise control,the same tasks in the real environment and VR have the same degree of activation of the corresponding functional brain areas.However,the R3(Theta/Alpha)and R4(Theta/Beta)of the frontal-parietal lobe in the VR observation are larger than real observation,and the prefrontal and parietal-occipital lobe of the real flight are significantly higher than those of the VR flight.Because R3 and R4 are mainly reported to attention,it indicates that the real environment requires higher attention when completing complex tasks.Secondly,further explore the equivalence and difference between real environment and virtual reality from the perspective of graph theory.Equivalence based on brain network parameters and differences characterized functional connectivity.The equivalence results show that the observed state Theta and Alpha frequency bands are larger clustering coefficients and smaller characteristic path lengths,which satisfy the characteristics of"small world" networks.The differences for VR and real environment showed mainly in the frontoparietal network.One of the reasons for the stronger functional connections is that the observation task in the real environment is easily disturbed by the outside world and shares more attention resources.Several brain network parameters in Beta and Gamma frequency bands reported strong correlation in flight state.Whether it is a real environment or a VR environment,complex tasks are importantly involved in highfrequency EEG rhythms.The flight state is significantly different in frontoparietal and occipital brain regions,which are closely related to working memory,spatial attention,and sensorimotor activity.Flight state in real environment enhances functional connections,indicating that the real environment equips with higher requirements for the allocation of these cognitive resources.