Preparation And Application Of Three-dimensional Porous Graphene Materials

At present,the shortage of petroleum resources and water pollution seriously restrict the healthy development of our society.It is of great significance for the healthy development of our country to explore the technology and methods of super heavy oil development and to develop efficient sewage treatment materials.Graphene was introduced in 2004 because of its unique structure and excellent properties.With the efforts of researchers,graphene has been effectively used in the fields of energy materials,sensors,adsorbents,etc.,which has also brought the dawn for the solution of these two kinds of problems.However,due to π-πinteraction and van der Waals force,graphene in two-dimensional plane can easily aggregate,which reduces the performance of graphene.The problem can be solved effectively by lamination of two-dimensional graphene into a three-dimensional structure.Based on the above problems,three kinds of three-dimensional porous graphene materials were constructed by template method and template-free method,and their applications in viscosity reduction and wastewater treatment of heavy oil were studied.(1)A super heavy oil viscosity reducing material — melamine graphene nano silver sponge was constructed by template method using melamine sponge as skeleton and nano silver.The material has good electrical and thermal properties.Applying voltage on both sides of the sponge can quickly produce Joule heat,heat the heavy oil in contact with it,reduce the viscosity of heavy oil and improve the oil recovery efficiency.The viscosity of the material is 69200 m Pa?s at room temperature,and the viscosity of the super heavy oil near the solid state is heated to 59 ℃,and the viscosity is reduced to 5480 m Pa?s,so that it can flow and be pumped out.(2)A sodium alginate graphene nanogel aerogel was prepared by template-free method using sodium alginate as carrier to support graphene and gold nanoparticles.It was found that the material had excellent adsorption and degradation ability to methylene blue(MB).The maximum adsorption capacity was up to 385 mg/g,the adsorption efficiency was up to 95.48%,and the degradation efficiency was up to 84.1%.(3)Sodium alginate graphene praseodymium oxide hydrogel was prepared by templatefree method with sodium alginate as carrier and nanorod-like praseodymium oxide and graphene.The effects of graphene,sodium alginate and oxidation spectra on the degradation rate were discussed.The degradation mechanism of catechol may be firstly oxidized to obenzoquinone,and the unstable aqueous solution of catechol will be further decomposed into maleic acid.It has been found that three-dimensional porous graphene materials have potential application prospects in the field of viscous oil deviscosity reduction and sewage treatment,which has laid a good foundation for further exploration of the application of three-dimensional porous graphene materials in the development of viscous oil and sewage treatment.