Study On Key Techniques Of Shaft Parts’ Deterministic Figuring Based On Abrasive Belt Polishing

With the development of ultra-precision machining technology,the spindle accuracy of ultra-precision machine tools is getting higher and higher.The traditional turning and grinding methods are difficult to meet the machining accuracy requirements due to the limit of machine tool accuracy and detection methods.The manual grinding method is still the main method of high-precision machining,which limits the development of high-precision shafting machining.The optical deterministic polishing method is applied to the high-precision machining of shaft parts in this paper.The abrasive belt grinding and polishing tool further improves the machining precision of the shaft parts on the basis of traditional turning and grinding,and breaks the precision limit of machine tool processing.Solving the problem of digital figuring of shafting parts is of great significance for the development of precision and ultra-precision equipment.In this paper,aiming at the sub-micron shape accuracy machining of shaft parts,the key techniques of deterministic belt figuring of outer cylindrical surface are explored by theoretical analysis,simulation calculation and experimental verification.The research ideas are as follows: firstly,the experimental model and its properties of the removal function of the deterministic figuring of the abrasive belt tool polishing are studied;the cylindrical surface measurement and the three-dimensional error data processing evaluation method are studied;and the polishing path planning method based on the cylindricity error convergence is studied.,to establish the basis of digital figuring.Secondly,the influence of various influencing factors on cylindrical deterministic processing are analyzed,based on the existing experimental equipment,the deterministic figuring experiment of the outer cylindrical surface of the shaft workpiece is carried out to achieve the manufacturing goal of submicron shape accuracy.It is verified that the deterministic improvement of shape accuracy can be achieved by the deterministic figuring method.This paper mainly studies from the following aspects:(1)Using the abrasive belt as the machining tool,the removal function of the deterministic machining of the cylindrical part is studied.The shape characteristics of the removal function are experimentally analyzed and theoretically modeled to verify the time linearity and stability of the removal efficiency of the cylindrical deterministic processing method.(2)The cylindrical surface of the shaft workpiece is measured by a cylinometer to obtain a digital representation of the three-dimensional error.Combined with the determined removal function,the convolution method is used to calculate the dwell time,and the principle of deterministic machining of the external cylindrical surface such as the path of the deterministic figuring of the outer cylindrical surface is systematically studied.(3)The error of machining measurement is simulated and analyzed,the influence of the extraction error of the removal function,the tool offset error of the removal function,and the removal efficiency error on the machining and convergence accuracy are explored.(4)The theoretical analysis content is summarized,and the experimental parameters are optimized to carry out deterministic iterative figuring experiments on the steel shaft to achieve the manufacturing goal of submicron shape accuracy.