The Effect Of Water Extract From Chrysanthemum Indicum L.on Food-induced "Shanghuo"inflammation Based On Intestinal Flora

In daily life,some people eat too much hot food such as pepper,citrus,mutton and so on will lead to the occurrence of inflammatory "shanghuo",but its mechanism has not been completely clear.In recent years,food with the same origin of medicine and food as a new idea of disease intervention has been widely concerned.As one of the food with the same origin of medicine and food,Chrysanthemum indicum L.has significant anti-inflammatory activity,but its intervention effect on food-induced "shanghuo" and its mechanism remain to be explored.At the same time,there is still a lack of systematic toxicological evaluation studies on Chrysanthemum indicum L.,and the public still has concerns about the safety of eating Chrysanthemum indicum L.The purpose of this study was to evaluate the oral toxicological safety of Chrysanthemum indicum L.in terms of body weight,food consumption,hematological indexes and micronucleus indexes by 30-day feeding test and micronucleus test in mice.And through the capsaicin induced inflammatory "shanghuo" model,build food with Chrysanthemum indicum L.water extract on the intervention,respectively by ELISA method,the limulus reagent method,16 Sr RNA high-throughput molecular sequencing method in mice serum levels of inflammatory cytokines,bacterial endotoxin level,intestinal flora were analyzed,and to explore the Chrysanthemum indicum L.water extract on food induced inflammatory "shanghuo" intervention effect and its mechanism,for the Chrysanthemum indicum L.flower the theoretical basis for the development of functional food,comprehensive exploitation and utilization of Chrysanthemum indicum L.has important practical significance.The results are as follows:1.There was no subacute toxicity or cytotoxicity to miceMice were given intragastric gavage of 0.025 g/kg,0.1 g/kg and 0.4 g/kg,respectively,and observed continuously for 30 days.The safety was evaluated according to the animal survival status and hematological examination results.Meanwhile,the mutagenic effect of micronucleus test on Chrysanthemum indicum L.in mice was studied.The results showed that the body weight and food consumption of mice were increased under the intervention of water extract of Chrysanthemum indicum L.,and there was no significant difference in body weight among different dose groups.The number of micronuclei in bone marrow cells of mice had no significant difference with that of blank group and was within the normal range.There was no significant effect on the hematological indexes of mice.There was no significant subacute toxicity and no cytotoxicity in water extract of Chrysanthemum indicum L.2.The water extract of Chrysanthemum indicum L.wilatum can reduce the inflammation level of capsaicin-induced inflammation model miceCapsaicin can induce the occurrence of inflammatory "shanghuo" in mice,and make the level of inflammation marker TNF-α in serum significantly increase,which is 2 times higher than that of blank control group.Low degree of systemic inflammation appears in mice,and the model of inflammatory "shanghuo" induced by food is successfully established.Compared with the model group,TNF-α levels in low-dose,medium-dose and high-dose groups were decreased by 21.9%,74.8% and81.2%,respectively,and LPS levels were decreased by 9.9%,65.6% and 83.8%,respectively.The anti-inflammatory effect was enhanced with the increase of water extract concentration of Chrysanthemum indicum L.The levels of TNF-α and LPS in the model group induced by pepper were not significantly different from those in the blank control group after ingastric administration of medium and high doses of Chrysanthemum extract,indicating that the medium and high doses of Chrysanthemum indicum L.extract in the model group had a significant alleviating effect on the inflammatory "shanghuo" induced by pepper.Moreover,the high dose water extract of Chrysanthemum indicum L.could down-regulate the levels of IL-6and IL-10,so as to achieve a certain anti-inflammatory effect.The water extract of Chrysanthemum willow can comprehensively affect all kinds of inflammatory factors related to low degree inflammation of the system.By regulating the content of these inflammatory factors to prevent the continuous aggravation of inflammation,it has a certain anti-inflammatory decrease internal heat effect on inflammatory "shanghuo".3.Chrysanthemum indicum L.extract can alleviate capsaicin-induced inflammatory "shanghuo" by improving intestinal flora disorder.Intestinal flora richness and composition of capsaicin-induced inflammatory mice were significantly decreased,and the diversity of intestinal flora α was decreased.After the intervention of low and high doses of Chrysanthemum indicum L.,the Shannon and Simpson indexes of mice were increased,and the Chao1 and ACE indexes were significantly increased,even higher than that of the blank group.The intervention of low and high doses of Chrysanthemum indicum L.water extract significantly improved the richness of intestinal microflora of mice.And blank control group,wild chrysanthemum flower,low dose group,wild chrysanthemum flower,high dose group have OTUs number(113,89,61)higher than the wild chrysanthemum dosage group,inflammation in model group(31,37),inflammation model in mice in the changes of intestinal flora,low dose and high dose of Chrysanthemum indicum L.water extract can make inflammation of the intestinal flora in mice OTU number pick up.Compared with the blank group,the intestinal flora of mice in the high-dose group showed that Firmicutes increased by 13.6%,Proteobacteria decreased by 17.98%,Microflora verrucosa decreased by 34.93%,and TM7 increased by 79 times.In addition to the extremely significant changes in TM7,there were also Flexobacteria,Cyanobacteria and Fusobacteria,and Flexobacteria increased by 50 times.At the genus level,the significant increases were Allobaculum,megamonas,rumen coccus and Anaerofustis,while the significant decreases were Acinetobacter,Oligotrophomonas,Bacteroidetes and Prevotella,suggesting that the intervention of Chrysanthemum indicum L.could drive the reduction of inflammation by changing these bacteria.