Research On The Environmental Behavior Of Farmers In The Region Of Heavy Metal Polluted Farmland Soil Remediation Project

Farmers are the owners of farmland and the concrete implementers of soil remediation.The willingness to choose farmland remediation technology determines whether soil remediation technology can be applied on a large scale.Based on this,this paper takes 4 typical polluted cultivated land soil remediation projects in China as research cases,and analyzes farmers’ willingness and influencing factors of remediation technology from the aspects of farmers’ personal characteristics,family and production characteristics,technical characteristics and policy perception,The perspective of the operator or the actual operator analyzes the key factors affecting the promotion and application of farmland soil remediation technology,and provides a basis for the research and development of agricultural land soil remediation technology.The research results show that:(1)Participating in plant restoration work can significantly increase the income level of farmers,and farmers have a strong willingness to choose phytoremediation.553 households participated in the questionnaire,most of them were male respondents,generally older,with a lower level of education.Among them,229 households participated in phytoremediation.The average household income from participating in the project was 4701 yuan,and the annual household income increased by 16.98%.For households that have not participated in the remediation or participated in immobilization remediation,the annual household income remains basically unchanged before and after the remediation project.In addition,farmers have a strong desire to choose phytoremediation.82.82%of farmers prefer to use phytoremediation technology,and 12.48%of farmers prefer to immobilization remediation.(2)Farmers’ family characteristics,technical characteristics,and policy perceptions have an impact on farmers’ willingness to choose remediation technologies.Farmers with more households or larger cultivated area are more likely to choose immobilization remediation technology,while farmers with small cultivated area have a higher probability of choosing phytoremediation technology.The low risk of secondary pollution and the high economic income are important factors for farmers to choose phytoremediation.The farmers,who prefer immobilization remediation,usually have younger and lower household income.Short restoration period and no impact on agricultural activities are the main factors for farmers to choose immobilization remediation,the low income of the immobilization remediation project and the sustainability of soil heavy metal immobilization effect after rehabilitation is the main factor restricting farmers to choose immobilization remediation.The higher the policy satisfaction,the greater the probability of choosing immobilization remediation technology,followed by the choice of phytoremediation technology.(3)Different levels of pollution in the project area may affect farmers’ willingness to choose repair technologies.In the heavily polluted areas,the farmers’ willingness to choose may not be dominated by economic interests.They are more concerned about the impact of government policies and remediation technologies on soil quality than the less polluted areas.Areas where farmland has been abandoned for many years may be more receptive to longer repair cycles than other areas.(4)Remediation technical characteristics and rules affect farmers’ environmental behavior.Farmers prefer to choose technical solutions with higher farmland subsidy standards.At the same time,technical solutions that have priority participation rights,improved soil quality after remediation,longer remediation cycles,and higher national governance investment are also more likely to be selected by farmers,which is also in line with the principle of maximizing the benefits of remediation technology selection by farmers.In view of the problems existing in the implementation of the remediation project,through the empirical analysis of the questionnaire,the following suggestions are proposed:At the level of remediation technology,the future heavy metal-contaminated farmland soil remediation technology program should develop in a green and sustainable direction,and the remediation process should avoid causing soil quality;in terms of policies,a multiple compensation mechanism should be implemented,which can be considered to join the priority participation system;attach importance to the construction management and supervision system.