Research On Ecological Security Of Shangrao City Based On Improved Ecological Footprint Model

Since the reform and opening up,the rapid development of social economy and the continuous promotion of urbanization have not only brought people rich material enjoyment,but also brought various problems to the ecological environment,and caused different degrees of threats to the ecological environment security.The ecological environment of all countries and regions in the world has been affected to different degrees.Ecological security has become a global hot issue.In this context,it is particularly necessary to study and evaluate the regional ecological security by combining quantitative and qualitative methods.Ecological footprint method is an effective way to evaluate ecological security.Because of its strong operability and easy to collect index data,it is widely used in ecological security research.However,the method itself has some defects,and the traditional ecological footprint model is lack of pertinence for the research of small and medium scale.Therefore,according to the actual needs of regional ecological security research,this study improves the traditional ecological footprint model,replaces"global hectare"with"National Hectare",and recalculates the yield factors of the study area.On this basis,taking Shangrao City as an example,this paper uses the improved ecological footprint model to calculate the per capital ecological footprint,available per capital ecological carrying capacity,per capital ecological deficit(surplus)of Shangrao City in2008-2017,and adds two evaluation indexes,i.e.ecological security pressure index and ten thousand yuan GDP ecological footprint,to analyze and evaluate the ecological security of Shangrao City according to the time series Finally,according to the analysis results,the corresponding countermeasures and suggestions are put forward.The main results are as follows:(1)From 2008 to 2017,the annual average value of per capital ecological footprint of Shangrao City was 0.884183509hm~2/cap,with an overall upward trend of fluctuation.During this period,the increasing order of ecological footprint of all kinds of land types is:construction land(171.09%),grassland(67.74%),water area(46.26%),arable land(11.46%),fossil energy land(-17.94%),forest land(-63.09%).In recent ten years,the average annual per capital ecological footprint of all kinds of land is:cultivated land(75.20%)>fossil energy land(9.97%);water area(7.35%);construction land(3.65%);forest land(3.58%);grassland(0.25%).(2)In 2008-2017,the average per capital ecological carrying capacity was0.899871666hm~2/cap.Except for the fluctuation and decline in 2010,2016 and 2017,the per capital ecological carrying capacity in other years was in a relatively stable rising state.In the past ten years,the per capital ecological carrying capacity of Shangrao city is composed of cultivated land(62.14%);construction land(21.83%);forest land(7.04%);water area(4.76%);fossil energy land(3.93%);grassland(0.03%).(3)In 2008-2017,the per capital ecological deficit(surplus)in addition to the annual ecological deficit in 2010 and 2014,the remaining years were ecological surplus,with an overall downward trend of fluctuation.From the perspective of different land types,the forest land and construction land in the past ten years have shown the state of ecological surplus,while the cultivated land,grassland,water area and fossil useful land have all shown the state of ecological deficit,indicating that with the development of social economy,Shangrao city’s consumption demand for power resources,forage products,aquatic products and agricultural products is increasing.(4)From 2008 to 2017,the ecological pressure index of Shangrao city is between0.96-1.00,and the ecological security situation has been in the third level-slightly unsafe,and the change tends to be stable.On the whole,the ecological footprint of RMB 10000 GDP shows a downward trend year by year,from 0.865569226hm~2/10000yuan in 2008 to 0.301942356hm~2/10000 yuan in 2017,with a decline rate of 286.67%,which shows that the resources consumed by the units in Shangrao City are constantly decreasing and the resource utilization efficiency is constantly improving.(5)During the development of Shangrao City,there are many problems,such as the large consumption of resources,the reduction of forest land and water area,etc.the following policy suggestions are put forward to improve the ecological carrying capacity:to strengthen the protection of cultivated land,to improve the efficiency of land resource utilization,to return cultivated land to forest and grass,to strengthen the construction of ecological environment,to optimize the industrial structure and to speed up the construction process of eco-tourism.