Case Study On Accounting Of Carbon Emission Rights In M Enterprise

With the emergence of the Kyoto protocol,many countries or regions,such as the United States,the European Union and Japan,began to establish a carbon emission trading mechanism,that is,to reduce greenhouse gas emissions with the help of the market mechanism,hence the emergence of greenhouse gas emission rights.In 2011,nine provinces and cities,including Beijing,began to set up carbon emission trading markets.In 2017,China officially launched the construction of a carbon emission trading market,which is likely to become the country with the largest trading volume of carbon emission rights in the future.However,as a brand new business,carbon emission trading itself has certain complexity.In terms of its accounting treatment,the imperfection of theory has caused the difficulty of practical operation.Pilot areas in China,the accounting standards board in 2016 has drawn up the pilot on carbon emissions trading accounting regulations draft("here in after referred to as the "draft "),the emergence of the rule of pilot enterprises of carbon emissions accounting provides a reference,but some deficiencies still exist in practical accounting,so that exist in the practice of accounting diversity,not unified reflect different enterprises on the benefits and costs of carbon emissions trading,is not conducive to the comparison of accounting information.Therefore,improving the accounting of carbon emission rights has become an important task in China.Improving the accounting of carbon emission rights is conducive to the orderly development of the carbon emission rights trading market,and is of great significance to the realization of China’s economic transformation and sustainable development.This paper adopts the method of case study to select M enterprises in the pilot area,and analyzes their deficiencies in accounting treatment from the five aspects of carbon emission right confirmation,measurement,record,report and information disclosure.It proposes that when carbon emission right is confirmed,the free quota should be recognized as the enterprise’s assets.Recognize liabilities when actual carbon emissions exceed the quota.Fair value is adopted to measure carbon emission right.When recording carbon emission right,"carbon emission right" can be divided into "trading carbon emission right" and "self-use carbon emission right" according to the purpose of the enterprise,and corresponding accounting treatment can be carried out on this basis.The part of over scheduling is recognized as a cost of the enterprise and recorded in the "manufacturing expenses".In the balance sheet,carbon emission rights are listed after financial assets.In the information disclosure of carbon emission right,the accounting boundary,accounting method and production data of the enterprise should be specified.Through improving the accounting of carbon emission right of actual enterprises,and combining the development of enterprises and the macro-control policies of the government,the corresponding policy Suggestions are putforward,hoping to provide certain theoretical reference and practical guidance significance for China to better improve the accounting content of carbon emission right.