Emission Inventory Of Particulate Matters From Dust Sources In Yuncheng Based On Satellite Remote Sensing

Particulate matters are formed from dust sources by particulate matters that attaches to the soil,roads,construction,and material storage yards,which enter the atmosphere through external force.It is an important part of atmospheric particulate pollution and has an significant impact on the atmospheric environment and human health.Development of the emission inventory of dust sources are meaningful for quantifying the contributions of dust sources,positioning high pollution areas and formulating corresponding air pollution control measures.This study focus on the soil dust sources,road dust sources,and construction dust sources emissions in 13 districts(counties)of Yuncheng City based on the year of 2017.The emission factor method provided by "Technical Guide for the Preparation of Emission Inventory of Particulate Matter from Dust Sources(Trial)"("Guide" for short below),,and the activity level obtained from field investigation,data collection and satellite remote sensing data are applied to develop the emissions inventory of particulate matter in dust sources in Yuncheng.Based on the geographic information of sources,a gridded mapping of dust emissions with high resolution(1km×1km)are drawn using ArcGIS(version 10.3).The major results are as follow:(1)Based on the national gridded 30-meter land-use data interpreted by Landsat5-TM remote sensing image production from Tsinghua University,this study estimates that the activity level of soil dust in Yuncheng is 8953.49km2;based on the global high-resolution road network maps derived by OpenStreetMap website and the"Yuncheng Statistical Yearbook 201 8" this study concludes that the total length of paved roads in Yuncheng is 1,600.88km;based on the information of construction projects publicized on the online bidding site in Yuncheng,as well as some data provided by the construction department of Yuncheng,construction units and statistical yearbook of Yuncheng City,this study estimates that the total construction site area of Yuncheng is 11.4085 million square meters.,(2)Based on the emission factor method and related calculation parameters of the "Guide",the emission factors of the three dust sources were determined,and the total emissions of TSP,PM10,and PM2.5 from Yuncheng’s total dust sources in 2017 were 248022.87t,51894.78t,12217.71t.Of which,the TSP emissions in three types of dust source are:6946.72t for soil dust,225846.82t for road dust,and 15229.34t for construction dust;PM10 emissions in the three types of dust source are:625.20t for soil dust,43351.40t for road dust,7918.18 t for construction dust;PM2.5 emissions in three types of dust sources are:17.90t for soil dust,10488.24t for road dust,and 1711.57t for construction dust.The emissions of the three types of dust are quite different,representing as:road dust>construction dust>soil dust.Road dust sources are the primary dust source in Yuncheng,account for 91.06%,83.54%,and 85.84%to the total emissions of TSP,PM10,and PM2.5,respectively.(3)In the typical area of Yuncheng—Salt Lake,the particulate emissions from soil dust sources and yard dust sources was estimated.The results showed that the total TSP,PM10 and PM2.5 emissions in the Salt Lake region in Yuncheng were 238.79t,35.08t and 5.92t,respectively.Of which,TSP emissions of the two types of dust sources were:204.95t for soil dust and 33.84t for yard dust;The PM10 emissions of the two types of dust sources were:soil dust 18.44t,yard dust 16.64t;PM2.5 emissions of the two types of dust sources were 0.50t soil dust and 5.42t yard dust.Soil dust is the major source of TSP in the Salt Lake region,and its contribution to PM2.5 is rather low.The PM2.5 emission from the storage site of the material heap accounts for 91.55%of the total emissions,indicating that its impact on the atmospheric environment in the Salt Lake region cannot be ignored.