Research On Safety Behavior Prediction Of Engineering Project Based On Mental Model

The construction industry is a pillar industry in Chinese national economy and is also an industry with frequent accidents.Engineering projects are one-time engineering construction tasks with engineering construction as the carrier as the core business of construction industry,including rail,highway,tunnel,bridge,subway and so on.Due to the characteristics of long construction period,poor working conditions and complex construction environment,engineering projects are easy to cause safety accidents,and safety behavior is one of the important causes of safety accidents.Both the industry and the academic circle hope to start from the safety behavior to prevent the occurrence of safety accidents.Construction project is a huge project,and the safety behavior in the construction site has the characteristics of diversity.First of all,the construction industry is a labor-intensive industry,and the overall cultural quality of workers is still at a low level,and safety behavior is greatly affected by individual factors.The current safety training does not adopt different training contents according to individual differences,making it difficult for workers to make correct decisions in the face of complex working environment.Secondly,the construction of engineering projects is characterized by singleness and dispersion,and personnel mobility is great.Each worker in each project faces different risks.Although some construction workers are experienced,working in a complex environment still requires time to adapt.Finally,the construction process often involves the participation of multiple parties,and the management level and relationship is complex,making it difficult to coordinate management and implement the safety system.Therefore,it is necessary to start with the mental model of the security subject,conduct behavioral constraints on the security subject,conduct targeted training on individual safety behaviors,and form a more effective security guarantee system to effectively cultivate safety behaviors.Safety behavior is the result of continuous interaction between endogenous and exogenous factors.Different safety subjects will perform different behaviors in the face of complex construction management environment.In the previous study of safety behavior formation mechanism,it is a lack of research on the formation path of safety behavior from the safety behavior subject itself,ignoring the internal response law of different security subjects implementing different behavior strategies in the face of complex security management environment due to the differences of individual factors.Therefore,in order to assist managers to constantly create a good management environment and restrict safety behaviors,it is necessary to study the formation mechanism of safety behavior from the perspective of safety subjects themselves.This paper introduces the concept of mental model in cognitive psychology.By analyzing the existing knowledge information and predicting the future,it is a descriptive tool for the internal rules of the formation of safe behavior decisions.Under the influence of individual factors such as psychology,physiology and knowledge,different security subjects will make different behavioral responses even in the face of the same environment.Therefore,it is necessary to conclude the different behavior and response rules that may be made by different safety subjects and their mental models,and construct a mental model with predictive function,so as to conduct proper guidance and monitoring for construction workers who are prone to make unsafe behaviors and reduce the occurrence of accidents.Fuzzy neural network method is introduced to construct mental model of safety behavior of construction workers.After network training,according to the network input of mental model,the behavior output of construction workers is predicted.In this study,the method of questionnaire survey is adopted to study the construction workers in Zhengzhou and Chengdu metro projects,mental model and safety behavior questionnaire are designed,and the first-hand sample data were distributed and recycled to the construction workers.Firstly,on the basis of the research results and theoretical basis at home and abroad,the paper puts forward the mental research of cognitive psychology,reasoning and decision-making and the key activities of the formation function of mental model,and the principle of fuzzy neural network is introduced.Secondly,on the basis of mental model,combined with the characteristics of safe behavior,the structural framework of safe behavior mental model is formed.This paper introduces the index system in the structural framework of the safe behavior mental model,conducts a preliminary screening of the index,and clarifies the measurement and grading methods of each index in the index system.For the measurement of each index,mental model and safety behavior questionnaire are designed,which are sent to subway construction projects in Zhengzhou and Chengdu to obtain data,and the calculation process is also presented.Thirdly,the fuzzy neural network is used to construct the mental model of safe behavior,and the fuzzy sample is determined and the sample data is fuzzy processed,then the fuzzy membership matrix is constructed according to the relative state of each index.BP neural network is used for learning and testing to obtain the level of safety behavior prediction,and the specific process of model implementation was introduced in detail.After that,according to the obtained prediction results,the analysis and discussion are carried out and corresponding measures are proposed.Finally,based on mental model,this study proposes a safety mental training system for individual differences,including eight steps:behavior prediction,goal orientation,situational experience,psychological counseling,discipline benchmarking,mental remodeling,field practice,and evaluation and feedback.The main contribution of this study is to establish a mental model of safety behavior and propose a safety mental training system for individual differences.According to the mental model,the safety behaviors of workers are trained to effectively cultivate safety behaviors.First of all,on the research content,this study introduces a concept of the mental models of the cognitive psychology from the perspective of safety behavior,establishes the safety behavior structure framework of mental models.This paper studies the formation mechanism of safety behavior from the inside of individual mind,and proposes a safety mind training system for the mental model,so as to broaden the research perspective of safety behavior for the practitioners and relevant researchers in the industry.Secondly,in terms of research methods,fuzzy neural network is introduced to construct mental model innovatively.The selected sample sets are trained and predicted,and the relevant measures and training system to improve the safety behavior of the project are proposed,so as to control and reduce the unsafe behavior of workers,and suggestions are put forward to reduce the accident rate of the project.