Research On The Green Innovation Efficiency Of Chinese Industrial Enterprises And Its Influencing Factors

From the reform and opening up,China completed an unprecedented industrialization process.However,the rapid and rugged development mode combined with the high pollution and high emission characteristics of industrial enterprises have not only caused the waste of natural resources,but also brought about increasingly prominent environmental problems.Green innovation of industrial enterprises is one of the important ways to realize the harmonious symbiosis of industrial development and resources and environment,and green tax policies affect the improvement of industrial enterprises’ green innovation ability and thus affect the improvement of environmental problems.Therefore,it is significant to study how to regulate and control the dual effect of green taxation policies on the Chinese industrial enterprises’ green innovation efficiency,and thus improve it’s efficiency.This article summarizes the research of previous scholars and finds that there are many articles use tax as the main impact factor,Zhu(2003)studied the impact of science and technology incentive policies on patent output of Chinese industrial enterprises from the perspective of taxation,and Li(2019)studied the impact of taxation on the innovation efficiency of Chinese high-tech industries.It can be seen that there is a certain relationship between taxation and innovation efficiency.In addition,in the research on the influencing factors of green innovation efficiency of Chinese industrial enterprises,most scholars regard environmental regulation as the core,but green taxation is a part of environmental regulation,compared with environmental regulation,green taxation policies has the advantages of reasonable and clear standards and strict and standardized implementation.Therefore,this paper focuses on integrating green taxation into the index evaluation system that affects the efficiency of green innovation,and measures the direct impact of green taxation,enterprise size,technology level,foreign investment and profit level on the green innovation efficiency of Chinese industrial enterprises,it also studies the dynamic changes of the other four factors on the green innovation of Chinese industrial enterprises under the indirect influence of green taxation policies.In research methods,we choose the super-efficient SBM model to study the green innovation efficiency of Chinese industrial enterprises,in addition to being more targeted when selecting indicators,the "bad output" of green innovation efficiency is also included in the evaluation system in a negative way to come further optimize the super-efficient SBM model,and we use the Malmquist index to further decompose the green innovation efficiency value and observe its dynamic changes.When exploring the influencing factors of green innovation efficiency,in order to solve the biased and inconsistent problems brought by the traditional static panel estimation,and at the same time consider the problem of weak tool variables,the dynamic panel two-stage system GMM method is used to explore.Different from the selection method of the influencing factors index of the previous references,when studying the influencing factors,a certain theoretical basis is used as the framework,so that the comprehensiveness of the coverage is maintained under the condition that the number of indicators is simplified.Based on the above analysis,the author believes that it is reasonable and meaningful to study the dual impact of green taxation on the green innovation efficiency of Chinese industrial enterprises based on the optimized super-efficient SBM model and the two-stage GMM model.Taking the industrial enterprise of China as the research object,first of all,the optimized super-efficiency SBM model of undesired output is introduced to measure the green innovation efficiency of industrial enterprises,and the distribution characteristics of efficiency values are analyzed from the dimensions of provinces and regions across the country.Then build a two-stage system GMM model to measure the direction and intensity of green taxation,enterprise size,technology level,foreign investment and profit level on the green innovation efficiency of industrial enterprises,and the dynamic changes of the other four influencing factors under the effect of green taxation.From the research results:First,in general,the efficiency of green innovation was low,and the development was unbalanced from east to west and from coast to inland.The cluster effect of green innovation development is obvious.In terms of regions,the development of Northeast China is slightly behind that of other regions.In terms of provinces,Hainan and Beijing are leading in development,while Heilongjiang and Inner Mongolia are lagging behind.The regions with leading development levels have insufficient influence on other regions.Second,green innovation is developing well.About 67%of the provinces in the country have seen an increase in green innovation efficiency during the study period.Among them,Guangxi,Guangdong,Henan,and Anhui saw higher rises.The efficiency values in 2017 were 2.21,1.93,1.83,and 1.86 times that of 2013,respectively,and the average annual growth rates were 25.3%,18.7%,18.4%,and 17.6%.Third,the impact of green taxation on the innovation efficiency of Chinese industrial enterprises is significantly positive.When the tax intensity continues to increase to a certain level,it has a significant inhibitory effect.The larger the scale of the enterprise,the higher the technical level and the higher the profit level,the more beneficial it is to the green innovation development of industrial enterprises.Among them,the profit level has the greatest impact.The influence coefficient of foreign investment on the green innovation efficiency of Chinese industrial enterprises is significantly negative at the level of 5%,indicating that foreign investment will inhibit the development of green innovation efficiency of Chinese industrial enterprises.Fourth,under the constraints of green tax intensity,the positive impact of the scale and technological level of enterprises on green innovation efficiency has changed,but the profit level of industrial enterprises still promotes the development of green innovation efficiency.Based on the conclusion,we have a theoretical understanding of the distribution characteristics and influencing factors of green innovation efficiency of Chinese industrial enterprises,In practice,according to the distribution law of green innovation efficiency,a benign development model of "government encouragement and guidance and enterprises actively participate" can be formed.Encouraging regions with faster green innovation to drive regions with slower development,promoting exchange of high-quality resources between regions,and adhere to coordinated development between regions and provinces;When formulating green taxation policies,the direct impact of green taxation intensity on the green innovation efficiency of Chinese industrial enterprises should be considered as well as the dynamic changes in the absorption capacity of Chinese industrial enterprise green innovation efficiency to other influencing factors under the influence of green taxation intensity.At the same time,if industrial enterprises want to pursue a sustainable development path,they must fully consider the long-term impact of R&D capital investment and foreign investment introduction on green innovation development,focusing on improving their own independent innovation capabilities.