| As an international large-scale event,the Olympic Winter Games can promote the development of sports industry,the economy development,cultural exchange,infrastructure construction,international communication and so on of the host city.However,such a large-scale event requires much infrastructure construction and brings a great many participants,which brings pressure and negative effects on the ecological environment of the host city,such as the destruction to forest and air pollution.As a key issue that international and domestic society focus on,environmental protection has also become a key work of the Olympic Games in recent years.As Beijing 2022 Olympic Winter Games are being prepared,how to reduce or alleviate the pressure and negative impact on ecological environment during the preparation and organization of the Games has become a key issue that International Olympic Committee,the host city and society pay attention to.This paper mainly adopts literature review,questionnaire method,case analysis method and other research methods to sort out the historical development of the past Olympic Winter Games and the environmental problems,and summarizes the countermeasures taken by International Olympic Committee and host cities.On this basis,combined with the actual situation of Beijing 2022 Olympic Winter Games,this paper analyzes its environmental risks and challenges during the preparation,hosting and post-competition.Combined with the current environmental protection measures taken by Beijing 2022 Olympic Winter Games,this paper analyzes the shortcomings and puts forward suggestions.The development of the Olympic Winter Games can be divided into three phases according to the competition events,the number of participants and the input cost.The first phase is the beginning phase,from 1924 Olympic Winter Games to 1956 Olympic Winter Games.The scale is small and its impact on environment is limited.The second phase is the primary development phase,from 1960 Olympic Winter Games to 1988 Olympic Winter Games.The scale increased and environmental problems began to emerge.The host country has taken spontaneous but relatively singular environmental measures.The third phase is the rapid development phase,from 1992 Olympic Winter Games to 2018 Olympic Winter Games.The scale of the Games continues to grow,and the environmental problems become more prominent.The International Olympic Committee has successively introduced a number of environmental protection policies,and the host cities have carried out more comprehensive and systematic plans and actions on environmental protection.During this period,the environmental protection work of the recent Games such as Turin and Vancouver is quite outstanding.Based on the basic situation of the Beijing Olympic Winter Games,the main environmental problems it may faces include the destruction of the natural environment caused by the large-scale infrastructure construction before the Games,the environmental pollution caused by the crowd gathering during the Games,and the resource consumption and waste of the venues after the Games.The Beijing Olympic Winter Games deals with the environmental problems brought by the Games through various measures such as afforestation,protect wildlife habitats and develop green transportation.Many of these measures are quite valuable for later Games.There are some deficiencies in the Beijing Olympic Winter Games environmental protection work,including limited roles involved in environmental protection work,publicity on environmental protection being weak,and the planning of the use of venues after the Games need to be refined and improved.The suggestions to cope with these problems include establishing a multiparty participation mechanism of environmental protection,strengthening environmental awareness,optimizing the sustainable plan of the use of venues after the Games,to further improve environmental work and promote environmental protection effect. |
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