Implementation Path Of Ecological Poverty Alleviation From The Perspective Of The Ecosystem Services Supply And Demand

The poverty alleviation has achieved a comprehensive victory after the constantly efforts of the Party and the people,but this is not a complete solution to the poverty and the poverty alleviation area will still face the risk of returning to poverty.In the stage of consolidate the achievements in poverty alleviation and promote rural revitalization,poverty alleviation area need be focus.Research has proven that impoverished areas rely on ecosystem services.The areas where coupling ecologically fragile and poverty face the double problem of ecological management and prevent poverty.Ecological poverty alleviation measures,as a successful experience in the poverty eradication stage,should continue to play a role.The paper proposes the implementation path of ecological poverty alleviation measures and a theoretical model based on the supply and demand of ecosystem services,which expands the application area of supply and demand of ecosystem services.The Ningwu and Jingle counties are a coupled area of ecological fragility and poverty,where located in the pilot area of the ecological protection and restoration project of mountains,rivers,forests,farmlands,lakes and grasses in the middle and upper of the Fenhe in Shanxi Province(Xinzhou).This paper firstly identifies the poverty level of townships by village-level multidimensional poverty indicators(VPI).According to the poverty level the study area is divided into high risk of poverty return,medium risk of poverty return,and low risk of poverty return.Then,according to the ecological location and ecological problems of the study area,selecting water conservation services,soil conservation services and food supply services as the assessment objects for the analysis of supply and demand of ecosystem service and getting the comprehensive supply and demand matching types for different risk areas.Finally,according to the risk of poverty return and the type of supply and demand of ecosystem service,the study area is classified into the low-risk restoration area,low-risk conservation areas,low-risk protection areas,medium-risk restoration area,medium-risk conservation areas,medium-risk protection areas,high-risk restoration area,high-risk conservation areas,high-risk protection areas.The main conclusions of this study are as follows:(1)According to the results of multidimensional poverty,measurement to obtain the risk of poverty return in the study area.The severe poverty and comparative poverty were identified as high-risk areas for poverty return,accounting for 41.73% of the total area of the study area,and showing the phenomenon of overlapping poverty return factors,which is the key area to pay attention to.Moderate poverty was identified as medium risk areas for poverty return,accounting for 23.78% of the total area of the study area.The average poverty and mild poverty were identified as low-risk areas for poverty return,accounting for 34.49% of the total area of the study area,and mainly influenced by a single factor of return to poverty.(2)From the results of the supply and demand of ecosystem service assessment,it’s found that there are spatial differences in the types of supply and demand of ecosystem service.Water conservation services and soil conservation services show high supply in the upstream area of Fenhe and low supply in the downstream area of Fenhe.The supply and demand types of water conservation services are mainly low supply-high demand,soil conservation services are mainly low supply-low demand,and food supply services are high supply-low demand.Overall,the study area needs ecological protection and restoration.(3)According to the different ecological management methods,the low-risk area should focus on the problem of labor shortage.In medium-risk areas under different ecological management methods to stimulate the labor force in areas out of poverty to ensure a basic standard of living.In high-risk areas should address the factors that affect the return to poverty.In areas where ecological restoration is needed to encourage the population out of poverty to participate in ecological engineering to obtain labor remuneration.In ecological conservation areas it is appropriate to adopt ecological poverty alleviation measures by setting up public welfare positions.In ecological protection areas,it is appropriate to adopt ecological poverty alleviation measures of ecological compensation and setting up public welfare positions.