The Impact Of Population Agglomeration And Economic Agglomeration On Environmental Pollution In East China

With the continuous advancement of new urbanization,population agglomeration and economic agglomeration become inevitable.They can improve the utilization rate of resources and drive the regional economic development through sharing and apportion-sharing.However,excessive agglomeration will cause a series of problems such as serious shortage of natural resources,traffic jam on urban roads and aggravation of environmental pollution.The land area of East China is only 8.39% of that of the whole country,but the permanent resident population and GDP in East China at the end of the year accounted for 27.65% and 38.1% of that of the whole country respectively,showing typical characteristics of economic agglomeration and population agglomeration.In 2018 alone,East China discharged 5.81 billion tons of industrial waste water,18.5 billion tons of domestic waste water,1.43 trillion cubic meters of industrial waste gas,and 76.14 million tons of household garbage.Under this background,this paper selects East China for research and analysis.Based on the data of East China from 2000 to 2018,this paper analyzes the positive and negative effects of population agglomeration and economic agglomeration on environmental pollution from three aspects: scale effect,technology effect and structure effect.Moran index,LM test,LR test,Wald test,Hausman test and combined fixed effect test were used to select dynamic SDM with spatiotemporal double fixation.The following conclusions are drawn :(1)There are significant time lag effects and space spillover effects in both domestic and production environmental pollution in East China.(2)There is a positive spatial spillover effect of population agglomeration in East China.(3)Population agglomeration in East China will aggravate the pollution of life and production;Economic agglomeration aggravates production pollution,but its effect on living pollution does not pass the significance test.(4)The increase of industrial output value in East China resulted in the deterioration of production pollution,and the impact on domestic pollution did not pass the significance test;Technological progress helps to reduce pollution in production and life.There is a negative correlation between FDI and production pollution and household pollution,which verifies that East China meets the "pollution sanctuary" hypothesis.According to the above analysis results,the relevant policy implications are provided for the sustainable,healthy and green development of East China.(1)Strengthen cooperation on pollution control among provinces and cities.We will incorporate spatial spillover effects of environmental pollution into environmental governance policies,establish reward and punishment mechanisms such as green assessment and ecological compensation,and strengthen cooperation among provinces and cities in pollution control.(2)Reasonable classification and treatment of pollution sources.According to the characteristics of different sources of pollution causes for classification treatment;At the same time,we will increase investment in the treatment of domestic pollution sources whose causes are complicated and whose treatment is difficult.(3)Reasonable promotion of population agglomeration.Through housing subsidies,medical insurance and social security policies to enhance the attractiveness of talents in relatively backward regions;At the same time,the population size of developed regions should be controlled reasonably to reduce the pollution caused by population agglomeration.(4)Standardizing the economic agglomeration of transfer.Strengthen economic linkage,shift the economic center of gravity from regions with high economic agglomeration to regions with slower economic development,and realize the strategy of coordinated economic development among regions.(5)Adjustment and optimization of industrial structure.The proportion of industry in East China should be reduced,and the development of emerging industries with low energy consumption and high added value should be vigorously supported.(6)Increasing investment in technological innovation.Reduce the burden of ecological environment in East China through the innovation of production technology and pollution control technology.(7)Reasonable introduction of foreign direct investment.Through the strict introduction of indicators and preferential policies,high quality and low emission FDI can be attracted,and pollution FDI in East China can be changed into clean FDI.