| Based on the data of land use types in Hotan Oasis in 2000,2010 and 2018,this paper explores the spatial and temporal changes of land use types in Hotan Oasis from2000 to 2018 through land use dynamic degree,transfer matrix,and land use degree comprehensive index.At the same time,combined with vegetation coverage,NPP,and socio-economic development coefficient,the ESV assessment model was modified,and the spatial and temporal distribution characteristics of ESV in Hotan oasis were analyzed.Finally,the relationship between land use,vegetation coverage,NPP,and ESV was analyzed,and the factors affecting ESV were discussed.The main conclusions are as follows:(1)The comprehensive land-use dynamics of Hotan oasis showed an upward trend,and the overall land-use change was the most active after 2010.The degree of land use is generally low and unevenly distributed,mainly in areas with a comprehensive index of less than 1.5.(2)Vegetation coverage and NPP were selected for spatial correction of ecosystem service value.The areas with spatial heterogeneity correction coefficient higher than 1 were mainly distributed in the middle reaches of the oasis,the northern foot of the Kunlun Mountains,and the two sides of the Yulong Kashi River and the Kalakash River.The area with a spatial heterogeneity correction coefficient less than 1was mainly distributed in the upstream mountainous area and the downstream desert area.The vegetation coverage and net primary productivity of vegetation were lower than the average level of Hotan oasis.GDP,Engel coefficient,urban population,and other factors are selected to adjust social and economic factors,and the social development coefficient of Hotan Oasis shows an overall increasing trend.The willingness to pay in Hotan oasis is increasing,but the ability to pay is far below the national average.The economic value of farmland per unit area was determined by combining grain production and grain purchase price,and the coefficient table of oasis ecosystem service value was obtained.(3)The ecosystem service value of Hotan oasis increased by 11404.93×10~6yuan.The high ESV area of the oasis is mainly distributed on both sides of Yulong Kashi River and Kalakash River.During the study period,the area gradually increased and began to expand to the periphery and downstream of the two rivers.The lowest ESV area was mainly distributed in the upstream mountainous area and the downstream desert area,and there was no significant change during the study period.Each single ecosystem service function showed an increasing trend,mainly in hydrological regulation,waste treatment,and maintenance of biodiversity.The spatial distribution of a single ecosystem service value has certain differences.(4)The Moran’s I index of ESV in Hotan oasis from 2000 to 2018 were 0.6615,0.7098,and 0.7237,respectively,indicating that the distribution pattern of ESV in Hotan oasis has significant aggregation.The high value of ESV in the study area is mainly distributed in the northern foot of the Kunlun Mountains,both sides of the Kalakash River and Yulong Kashi River and extends to the east and west.Low-low value areas are mainly distributed in the downstream desert area,and a few are distributed in the upstream mountainous area.(5)The ecological and economic coordination index of Hotan oasis from 2000 to2018 was 0.06,and the economic development and ecological environment were in a low coordination state.(6)The correlation between NPP and ESV was the highest,followed by vegetation coverage,and the correlation between land use index and ESV was low.From the analysis of natural influencing factors,when 0m<DEM<1451m,0°<Slope<1°,the ESV is the highest.The areas with a high correlation between temperature,precipitation,and ESV are mainly distributed in Luopu County,Kunlun Mountains snowmelt,and oasis upstream.From the perspective of socio-economic factors,the added value of the primary industry has the greatest impact on the single ecosystem service function,followed by the total population,and the added value of the secondary industry has the least impact on the single ecosystem service function.In conclusion,the dynamic change process of land use and ecosystem services in the oasis area has attracted much attention.It is of great significance to analyze and understand the relationship between land use and ecosystem services in the oasis for rational planning of land use,and it is also an urgent need to ensure the sustainable development of the oasis. |
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