Research On The Improvement Of The Legal Model Of Multiple Governance Of Protected Areas In China

Under the background of the reform of the management system of protected areas in China,we need to discuss how to realize multiple governance in the new protected areas system.Through the research on the governance of Qinling Protected Areas in Shaanxi Province,it is found that both government agencies and social subjects are indispensable subjects of protected areas governance.Only by continuously implementing the multiple governance model can we build a reasonable and effective governance system of protected areas.Based on the existing research methods,this paper takes the Qinling protected areas governance as an example,and concludes that there are three legal modes of multiple governance,namely government governance,social governance and common governance.This paper focuses on the analysis of the development of these three legal models,especially in Qinling area of Shaanxi Province,and analyzes the legal basis and implementation of different governance modes.Through the research and analysis,we find that there are still some problems in the rule of law model of multiple governance in protected areas.For example,in the government governance mode,there are some problems in Qinling area of Shaanxi Province,such as imperfect legislative provisions,improper management power and responsibility,imperfect economic incentive system and insufficient governance ability;In the rule of law mode of social governance,there are some problems,such as weak social organization,contradiction between people’ s livelihood and ecological protection,insufficient participation of enterprises and institutions,and limited public participation;In the mode of rule of law of common governance,there are two main problems: the main body,the overall quality of grid members is low,the enthusiasm of the masses participation is low,the mechanism,the formalization of grid management and the lack of coordination of common governance.On this basis,the paper puts forward the optimization model of multiple governance of protected areas in China: government governance is the upper level guidance,social governance is the primary level leading,and the government and all social members jointly govern as a comprehensive supplement.In the specific countermeasures,this paper also proposes that at the level of government governance,we should further improve the legislative provisions,rationalize the management power and responsibility,improve the economic incentive system and improve the governance ability;At the level of social governance,we need to further enhance the strength of social organizations,ease the contradiction between people’s livelihood and ecological protection,increase the regulations of enterprises and institutions’ participation,and improve the public participation system;At the level of common governance,we need to further improve the overall quality of grid members,improve the enthusiasm of the masses’ participation,overcome the formalization tendency and enhance the coordination of common governance.In general,these three legal models have their own advantages and disadvantages.We must combine the advantages of government governance,social governance and common governance,only in this way can we establish a reasonable and efficient multiple governance mode of protected areas.