| Urban wetland is an important part of urban ecological construction,but also an important barrier to urban ecological security,it plays an important ecological,economic and social benefits.Wetland garden is a new type of garden form,is an important part of urban wetland,especially the national wetland park located in the urban construction area has a large number,construction and rapid development,its large radiation range,wide benefits,significant ecological service function,typical and representative.Jixi National Wetland Park is the largest wetland area in Jinan,but due to its public attributes and externalities,the value of ecological products is enjoyed free of charge,and the asymmetry between beneficiaries and damaged people is revealed.The scientific and systematic accounting of the value of ecological products of urban wetlands is an important foundation for the improvement of ecological compensation capacity,which is of great significance for the construction of ecological civilization and urban development in Jinan.Based on GIS and RS technology,the study takes the remote sensing image of Jixi National Wetland Park in 2020 as the data source for interpretation,establishes the landscape information database of Jixi National Wetland Park,combines it with the scientific approach of mathematical modeling,calculates the value of ecological products.At the same time,the influencing factors of ecological compensation capacity and carbon and oxygen balance capacity of Jixi National Wetland Park are analyzed,and the ecological compensation capacity improvement strategy is formulated from the three dimensions of ecology,economy and society,so as to provide support for the ecological compensation of Jixi National Wetland Park.To research indicates:1.Establish the landscape information database of Jixi National Wetland ParkTaking Google Earth’s high-resolution remote sensing images as the data source,the study uses Arc GIS software to interpret The Jixi National Wetland Park,and divides the land into nine land types:woodland,swamp woodland,grassland,cultivated land,artificial water body,swamp pit pond,river,village and road;on the basis of supervision and classification,quantitative geographic information classification data is obtained to establish a geographic information database of Jixi National Wetland Park.Among them,the area of patch types of woodland,swamp woodland,grassland,cultivated land,artificial water body,swamp pit pond,river,village and road was 425.578 hm~2,529.418 hm~2,240.907 hm~2,738.997 hm~2,681.499hm~2,218.576 hm~2,36.843 hm~2,170.308 hm~2and 45.665 hm~2,The percentage of the total park area was 13.78%,17.15%,7.80%,23.93%,22.07%,7.08%,1.19%,5.52%and 1.48%,respectively.2.Value accounting of ecological products in Jixi National Wetland ParkThrough the value accounting of ecological products of Jixi National Wetland Park,it is concluded that the value of ecological products of Jixi National Wetland Park in 2020 is900,981,800 yuan.Among them,the ecological value was 335,176,800 yuan,the production value was 525,886,000 yuan,and the humanistic value was 39,919,000 yuan,accounting for37.20%,58.37%and 4.43%of the total value respectively.On the whole,the highest value of ecological products in Jixi National Wetland is the production value,while the ecological value and humanistic value are low,so efforts should be made to improve the quality of the ecological environment,enhance the production capacity of ecological products,increase the proportion of ecological value and humanistic value,especially in the context of carbon neutrality,the value of carbon sequestration and oxygen release accounts for 1.25%of the total value,and the carbon sequestration oxygen release capacity is weak and the proportion is smaller,and the improvement of carbon and oxygen balance capacity can be used as a powerful grip to focus on improving its ecological compensation capacity.3.Study on the ecological compensation ability of Jixi National Wetland Park（1）By consulting the data and screening the index factors in combination with the actual situation of the wetland park,the evaluation index system of the influencing factors of the ecological compensation capacity of the Jixi National Wetland Park is established,the judgment matrix is assigned by the Delphi expert evaluation method,and the weight of each index is calculated by the Analysis Hierarchy Process（AHP）.The fundamental factors for improving the ecological compensation capacity of Jixi National Wetland Park are ecological factors,among which the comprehensive weights of vegetation coverage,wetland area and Shannon diversity are large,which have an important impact on the ecological value and ecological compensation amount of wetland parks.Among the economic factors,the comprehensive weight of local economic development level,conservation management costs and income of surrounding villagers is large,and when formulating the amount of ecological compensation standards,the local economic level of Jinan City,the willingness of surrounding villagers to be compensated,and the actual cost of conservation and management should be considered,in addition,compensation measures should be implemented in a targeted manner in combination with the opportunity costs lost due to the protection of environmental arable land.Among the social factors,the comprehensive weight value of the legal system and relevant local policies is high,and whether the relevant laws in Jinan Are sound and the inclination of relevant policies have great limitations for the improvement of the ecological compensation capacity of Jixi National Wetland Park,and ecological compensation policies should be formulated according to local conditions and the ecological compensation legal system should be continuously improved.（2）According to the"Jinan Statistical Yearbook（2021）"and related literature,the carbon emissions of wetland parks and other areas are calculated by formulas of 150,160 tons,and the annual oxygen consumption is 152,940 tons.In the energy consumption structure of Jinan,coal and coke are the main energy sources for carbon emission and oxygen consumption,and the consumption has reached 99.18%,although the consumption of coal has decreased compared with 2019,but the consumption of coke has increased slightly,and the overall carbon release accounted for 99.14%,and the oxygen consumption accounted for 99.3%.Combined with the calculation results of the annual carbon sequestration oxygen release in the wetland park in Table 4.2,through the calculation and analysis of the carbon-oxygen balance capacity,it is shown that the carbon gap of Jixi National Wetland Park in 2020 is137,809 tons,the oxygen gap is 143,848 tons,the carbon balance coefficient is 12.15,and the oxygen balance coefficient is 16.82,which is in an unbalanced state.4.Strategy to improve the ecological compensation capacity of Jixi National Wetland ParkAccording to the results of ecological product value accounting in Jixi National Wetland Park,the analysis of influencing factors of ecological compensation capacity and the analysis of carbon and oxygen balance capacity,the ecological compensation capacity improvement strategy is formulated from three dimensions:ecology,economy and society.In terms of ecology,the value of ecological products is enhanced,the ecosystem compensation capacity is strengthened,and the tree species is optimized based on the analysis of carbon and oxygen balance capacity,and the carbon sequestration and oxygen release capacity per unit area is enhanced by planting plants with strong carbon sequestration capacity and increasing vegetation coverage.In the economic aspect,the ecological compensation standard is set based on the value of ecological products and opportunity cost,and the value of ecological products is the upper limit of the compensation standard,the amount is 9920.81 yuan/mu·a,and the opportunity cost is the lower limit of the compensation standard,the amount is1165.68 yuan/mu·a.In the social aspect,the main object of ecological compensation is clarified,and diversified ecological compensation methods and ecological compensation methods are proposed. |
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