Study On Ecological Compensation Standard For Forest-based Carbon Sequestration Projects From The Perspective Of Forest Farmers ——Based On Two Typical Tree Species In Gansu Province

With the establishment of carbon peaking and carbon neutrality goals,exploring and developing forest-based carbon sequestration projects become a hot spot in economy and society.However,as a rational economic agent,compared with the traditional forest management mode for the purpose of wood production,forest farmers do not always have spontaneous economic incentives to participate in forest-based carbon sequestration projects,therefore additional ecological compensation is needed to motivate farmers to participate in forest-based carbon sequestration programs.This paper establishes an ecological compensation model for forest-based carbon sequestration projects from the perspective of forest farmers,makes a simulation analysis based on two typical tree species in Gansu Province,and analyzes the sensitivity of the key variables affecting the amount of ecological compensation.In theory,this paper constructs the ecological compensation model of forest-based carbon sequestration programs.It is based on two sub models.The first sub model is the carbon sequestration measurement model,which can calculate the emission reduction of the project and lay the foundation for calculating the income of carbon sequestration forest;The second sub model is the generalized Faustmann-Reed model,which can calculate the economic benefits of farmers’ two forest management modes（timber production forests and carbon sink forest）respectively;Combining the two sub models,the economic benefits of the two forest management models are compared from the perspective of opportunity cost,so as to calculate the ecological compensation standard under different scenarios.Then,this paper applies the ecological compensation standard model to simulate and analyze two typical tree species in Gansu Province-spruce and Pinus tabulaeformis.This study found that the maximum income of farmers from managing spruce carbon sequestration forest is 20,762 yuan / ha,and the optimal rotation period is 31 years;The maximum yield of Pinus tabulaeformis carbon sequestration forest is 13,520 yuan / ha,and the optimal rotation period is 24 years.The income of farmers participating in spruce carbon sequestration forest in 20-year and 30-year period is higher than that of timber production forests.Therefore,farmers do not need additional ecological compensation and have an economic incentive to spontaneously participate in forest-based carbon sequestration projects.This study also found that the maximum compensation standard required by farmers is 17,456 yuan /ha under the 40 year carbon sequestration program of Pinus tabulaeformis.Our results also indicated that the carbon price is the key variable to decide whether farmers need ecological compensation or not.Therefore,the zero ecological compensation carbon price under different scenarios is calculated by using the ecological compensation standard model.When the market carbon price is higher than the zero ecological compensation carbon price,there is no need for ecological compensation.The lowest zero ecological compensation carbon price corresponds to the 20-year and 30-year carbon sequestration forest scenarios of spruce,with an amount of 39.8 yuan / ton,and the highest zero ecological compensation carbon price corresponds to the 40-year carbon sequestration forest scenario of Pinus tabulaeformis,with an amount of 942 yuan / ton.In conclusion,this study enriches the research of ecological compensation for forest-based carbon sequestration projects,and can also provide valuable information for the forest managers and policymakers of Gansu Province to formulate optimal ecological compensation standards.