Regulation Of Three Prebiotics On Obesity And Its Gut Microbiota

Obesity has become a serious global public health problem,so it is urgent to find effective and safe prevention methods.Studies have shown that human gut microbiota(microecological balance,microecological imbalance)plays an important role in the occurrence and development of obesity.In recent years,basic and applied research on microecological regulators(probiotics,prebioticssynbiotics,etc.)targeting at regulating human gut microbiota has been carried out worldwide.Fructooligosaccharide and galacto-oligosaccharide are common prebiotics with low thermal energy value,which cannot be directly digested and absorbed by the human body and is not easy to lead to obesity.In application,oligosaccharide prebiotics,as a food ingredient,has many benefits to human body,especially its influence on adjusting gut microbiota.The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effects of fructo-oligosaccharide,galacto-oligosaccharide and neokestose on the obesity prevention and gut microbiota regulation of obesity induced by high fat diet in C57BL/6 mice model,which will provide specific experimental support for the study of prebiotics in weight control.Objective:1.Effects of different doses of FOS,GOS and NKT on obesity induced by high fat diet in C57BL/6 mice.2.The effects of FOS,GOS and NKT on gut microbiota regulation in C57BL/6 mice induced by high fat diet.Methods:A total of 40 SPF 4-week-old male C57BL/6 mice(22± 3G)were randomly divided into 8 groups with 5 mice in each group.Normal group(normal diet),model group(60% high-fat diet),FOS low-dose group(0.17 g /kg/d),FOS high-dose group(0.85 g /kg/d),GOS low-dose group(0.17 g /kg/d),GOS high-dose group(0.85 g/kg/d),NKT low-dose group(0.17 m L /kg/d),NKT high-dose group(0.85 m L /kg/d).Normal group and model group were gavaged with 0.2 ml normal saline each day,and the other groups were gavaged with corresponding prebiotics normal saline solution according to the experimental dose for 6 weeks.The detection indexes of each group were observed and compared.Results:1.Body weight gain: Compared with the normal control group,the body weight gain in the obesity model group was significantly higher(P<0.05).Compared with obesity model group,body weight gain of FOS low-dose group,FOS high-dose group,GOS high-dose group and FOS low-dose group decreased significantly(P<0.05).2.Fasting blood glucose: There was no significant difference in fasting blood glucose among the groups(P>0.05).3.Obesity indicators:(1)The epididymis fat index:Compared with normal control group,the epididymal fat index of obesity model group,FOS low-dose group,FOS high-dose group,GOS low-dose group,NKT low-dose group and NKT high-dose group increased significantly(P<0.05).Compared with model group,the epididymal index of FOS low-dose group,FOS high-dose group,GOS low-dose group and GOS high-dose group decreased significantly(P<0.05).(2)Liver index:Compared with the normal control group,the liver index of the obesity model group was significantly increased(P<0.05).Compared with obesity model group,liver index of FOS low-dose group,FOS high-dose group,GOS low-dose group,GOS high-dose group,NKT low-dose group and NKT high-dose group decreased significantly(P<0.05).(3)LEE Index:Compared with the normal control group,the Lee index of the obesity model group was significantly increased(P<0.05).Compared with obesity model group,Lee index of FOS low-dose group,FOS high-dose group,GOS low-dose group and GOS high-dose group decreased significantly(P<0.05).4.Serum lipids:(1)Level of serum total sterol(TC): Compared with normal control group,total sterol level of obesity model group and NKT low-dose group was significantly increased total sterol.Compared with obesity model group,total sterol of FOS high-dose group,GOS low-dose group and NKT high-dose group decreased significantly(P<0.05).(2)Level of serum total triglyceride(TG): Compared with normal model group,TG of all treatment groups had no significant change.(3)Level of serum low density lipoprotein(LDL-C): Compared with the normal control group,the LDL-C level of obesity model group,FOS low-dose group,GOS high-dose group and NKT low-dose group was significantly increased(P<0.05).Compared with the obesity model group,LDL-C levels of FOS high-dose group and GOS low-dose group were significantly decreased(P<0.05).(4)Level of serum high density lipoprotein(HDL-C): Compared with the normal control group,the level of HDL-C in the NKT low-dose group was significantly increased(P<0.05).Compared with the obesity model group,the level of HDL-C in NKT low-dose group was significantly increased(P<0.05).5.Serum lipopolysaccharide(LPS): Compared with the normal control group,the serum lipopolysaccharide levels of obesity model group,FOS low-dose group,GOS low-dose group,GOS high-dose group,NKT low-dose group and NKT high-dose group were significantly increased(P<0.05).Compared with the obesity model group,the serum LPS level was significantly reduced in the FOS high-dose group(P<0.05).6.Mice gut microbiota:By gut microbiota 16 s rRNA genes high-throughput analysis shows that high and low dose of FOS,high and low dose GOS,high and low doses of NKT can significantly increase fat diet of abundance and diversity of beneficial bacteria in the intestine in mice and reduce the high fat diet in mice gut microbiota Firmicute level,and reducing the Enterococcus,Bacillus,Mucispirillum level,improve the Bacteroidetes,Ruminococcus,Prevotella,Adlercreutzia,Lachnoclostridium,Coprococcus,Sutterella,Bilophila levels.7.Pathological analysis: Fructo-oligosaccharide,galacto-oligosaccharide and neokestose all significantly improved hepatocyte steatosis in obese mice.Conclusion:Different doses of FOS,GOS and NKT had significant effects on the body weight,obesity,serum lipid,serum lipopolysaccharide and gut microbiota of mice,and also significantly improved hepatocyte steatosis in mice.According to the results,Fructosoligosaccharide was more effective in regulating obesity in C57BL/6 mice induced by high fat diet.