Explore And Establish High-dimensional Analysis Methods Of Immune Response Based On Imaging Mass Cytometry

Biological systems often hinder the study of many biological problems due to their complexity,especially when the conditions of clinical or animal experimental samples is limited or very precious,an efficient and comprehensive technology is needed for detection and analysis,such as traditional immunohistochemistry and immunofluorescence technology have been unable to meet the higher demand for pathological samples detection in modern biological research.Imaging Mass Cytometry(IMC)[1]is a new histopathological imaging method combining highthroughput mass flow cytometry(Mass Cytometry)and immunohistochemistry(IHC)technology.This newly-developed technology enabled simultaneous detection of multiple markers in a single tissue section with high-throughput and low-background characteristics,so as to help construct tissue cell image maps of key cell types to define cell lineage,cell proliferation and functional state[2].By establishing this multi-mass spectrometry imaging detection method on human and mouse tissue samples,we evaluated the feasibility and superiority of this technology,and used this technology to detect Themis conditional-knockout mice(Themis cKO)damaged lung tissue sections after viral infection.By analyzing multichannel image data,we found a number of abnormalities in the immune response of Themis cKO mice.Based on the above results,combined with serum cytokine detection,flow cytometry,and immunofluorescence technology,we further revealed the root cause of immune response dysregulation and the death of mice.In summary,through exploring and establishing Imaging Mass Cytometry technology,we provide examples of the application of new high-throughput pathological sample detection technology in the fields of translational applied medicine and basic biology.The establishment of this system provides an ideal technical basis for future expansion of clinical or animal experimental research.