A Study On The Relationship Between Different Pesticide Exposure And Health And Cognitive Function Of Elderly People In Two Towns In Guangxi

ObjectiveTo explore the impact of environmental exposure to different pesticides on the cognitive function of the population,and to evaluate the harm of environmental exposure to low concentration on the health of the elderly population.On this basis,the relationship between cognitive function and APP gene polymorphism in the elderly was discussed.It provides a theoretical basis for better prevention of chronic neurotoxic effects of pesticides.MethodA cross-sectional survey was conducted to investigate the rural elderly aged60 years and above in the two towns of Limu and Lianhua.Those who failed the questionnaire and could not complete the questionnaire or medical examination were excluded.Finally,1119 people were included in the study,including 543 in Chestnut wood area and 576 in Lotus Area.Pesticide questionnaire and simple Mental State Examination Scale(MMSE)were used to investigate the pesticide use and cognitive function of the elderly in the two towns.Health examination was conducted to investigate the health status of the study population.T test or analysis of variance was used for comparison between normally distributed data groups,Wilcoxon or Kruskal-Wallis test was used for comparison between non-normally distributed data groups,and chi-square test was used for comparison of rates.Genotype distribution difference between cognitively impaired group and cognitively normal group was analyzed.Age,gender and other influencing factors were controlled.Binary logistic regression was used to explore the correlation of genotype distribution between cognitive impairment group and cognitive normal group in different pesticide exposure groups.Non-conditional logistic regression was used to analyze the relationship between pesticide exposure history and cognitive impairment and to explore the interaction between pesticide exposure history and SNP sites.Results1.Limu area 543 people,Lianhua area 576 people.Among them,258 males and 285 females in Limu area;There are 236 males and 340 females in Lianhua region.Lianhua women are more.The age was 70.418±0.273 years old in Limu area and 69.139±0.260 years old in Lianhua area.In terms of ethnic groups,the yao nationality has 274 people at most,accounting for 50.7%,while the Han nationality has 258 people,accounting for 47.8%.In Lianhua area,there are 435 Yao people at most,accounting for 75.5%,followed by 100 Han people,accounting for 17.4%.The proportion of Yao nationality in Lianhua area is more.In terms of education level,180 students,accounting for 33.2%,had not graduated from primary school,followed by 155 students,accounting for 28.6%.In Lianhua area,167 students have not graduated from primary school,accounting for 29.0%,followed by 150 students who have graduated from primary school,accounting for 26.0%.There was no significant difference in income between the two regions(χ~2=6.959,P=0.224).There were 124 smokers in Limu area,accounting for 22.8%,and 97 smokers in Lianhua,accounting for16.8%.There was no difference in drinking habits between Limu and Lianhua(χ~2=3.463,P=0.063).2.In terms of overall pesticide exposure,447 people in Limu area,accounting for 82.3% of the population studied,and 477 people in Lianhua area,accounting for 82.7% of the population studied.There was no significant difference in the number of people exposed to pesticides between the two places(P>0.05).The exposure to organochlorine pesticides and neonicotinoids pesticides was higher in Limu area than in Lianhua area,while the exposure to organosulfur pesticides was lower than in Lianhua area(P<0.05).3.Low density cholesterol,high density cholesterol and total serum cholesterol were all higher than the normal reference range,while the width of platelet distribution was lower than the normal reference range.Systolic blood pressure in Limu area is higher than the normal reference range.Limu liver albumin,globulin,aspertate aminotransferase,indirect bilirubin,total bilirubin,total protein,renal function of urea,in addition to the average haemoglobin concentrations in the blood routine,mean platelet volume percentage,basophils,neutrophil counts(P>0.05)most indexes,blood lipids of LDL cholesterol,HDL cholesterol,serum total cholesterol,and systolic blood pressure is higher than the Lianhua;White bulb ratio in liver function,specific gravity in kidney function,creatinine,uric acid,erythrocyte distribution width in blood routine,mean volume of erythrocyte,mean hemoglobin amount,neutrophil ratio(NEU%),triglyceride in blood lipid lower than Lianhua,the difference was statistically significant(P<0.05).4.There were no statistically significant differences in MMSE total score,time orientation,place orientation,instantaneous memory,delayed recall,naming ability,repetition ability and three-step command ability among the elderly population in Limu and Lianhua regions(P>0.05);There were differences in reading ability,writing ability and structural ability.The scores of writing ability and reading ability and structural ability were higher than those of Lianhua,and the differences were statistically significant(P<0.05).After adjusting for age,gender,education level,smoking and other factors,MMSE score of Limu was higher than Lianhua,and time orientation,delayed recall,three-step command and writing ability of Limu were higher than Lianhua,with statistically significant differences(P<0.05).5.218 people had cognitive impairment and 92 people had cognitive impairment,accounting for 17.0% of the total population.There were 126 people with cognitive impairment in Lianhua,accounting for21.8%.The cognitive impairment rate of Lianhua was higher than that of Limu(P=0.040).The average age of the cognitive impairment group was higher than that of the cognitive normal group,and the average age of the cognitive impairment group was lower than that of the cognitive normal group.There were differences in smoking and drinking habits between cognitively impaired group and cognitively normal group.The proportion of people exposed to pesticides in the general population,the population in Limu wood area and the population in Lianhua area was higher than that in the cognitive impairment group.Gender is the risk factor of cognitive impairment among the three groupsage is the risk factor of cognitive impairment among the general population and the population in Limu wood area.6.The MAF values of APPrs466448,APPrs2830102 and APPrs364048 of the three groups were all greater than 0.05,indicating that there was no deviation between the three groups and the real large-scale population.The sites of APPrs466448 and APPrs2830102 in the general cognitive normal group,APPrs466448,APPrs2830102 and APPrs364048 in the Limu area,and APPrs466448 and APPrs2830102 in the Lianhua area satisfy the law of HWE equilibrium(P>0.05).There was no significant difference in genotype distribution between the cognitively impaired group and the cognitively normal group(P>0.05).There was no statistically significant difference between the cognitively impaired group and the cognitively normal group among the three study groups(P>0.05).Non-conditional logistic regression analysis also found no increase in the risk of cognitive impairment from pesticide exposure,and no correlation between pesticide exposure and genetic variation of APPrs466448,APPrs2830102 and APPrs364048.Conclusion1.Exposure to organic sulfur pesticides may be associated with damage to the digestive system and liver function in Lianhua population.2.Exposure to organosulfur pesticides may be related to the temporal orientation,delayed recall,three-step command,and reduced writing ability of the population in Lianhua region.3.No polymorphism of APPrs466448,APPrs2830102 and APPrs364048 was found to be related to susceptibility to cognitive impairment,no pesticide exposure was found to increase the risk of cognitive impairment,and no pesticide exposure was found to be related to genetic variation of genes.