The Studies On The Chemical Compositions,Mineral Source Identification And Active Molecules Of Fulvic Acid

Fulvic acid（FA）is a humic acid substance with relatively small molecular weight and easily soluble in water.It is mainly extracted from peat,lignite and weathered coal,and is widely used in agriculture,forestry,animal husbandry and medicine.Due to the complexity of the source and composition,it has been difficult to qualitatively and quantitatively analyze the composition of the substance at the molecular level,which has greatly hindered the in-depth research and development of products of fulvic acid.Aiming at this problem,this paper uses modern instrumental analysis methods,combined with mathematical statistics,pharmacology,and other research methods to study the chemical composition,mineral source identification,and active molecules of fulvic acid,in order to scientifically detect the material composition of fulvic acid and Quality control research provides the basis for research.We collected 16 samples of peat,lignite or weathered coal from different regions and extracted fulvic acid by the same process.Thermogravimetric analysis showed that the chemical bond of fulvic acid was broken at 200-600℃,and tended to be stable after 600℃.Thermal cracking-gas chromatography-mass spectrometry analysis showed that the thermal cracking products of different mineral sources of fulvic acid were quite different.For example,the thermal cracking products of peat source of fulvic acid contained many oxygen-containing functional groups.Ultraviolet-visible spectroscopy analysis showed that the absorption intensity of fulvic acid gradually decreased with the increase of wavelength.Fluorescence spectroscopy analysis showed that fulvic acid had the largest fluorescence intensity at the excitation-emission wavelength near 332 nm-460 nm.By sorting out the empirical parameters of fulvic acid spectrum and elemental analysis,and using chemometric methods to screen,the discriminant equation composed of two spectral parameters(E_Et/Bz and FI)is finally obtained.The discriminant equation can distinguish the source of fulvic acid with an accuracy rate of 87.5%.Modern pharmacological studies have shown that fulvic acid has the effect of promoting angiogenesis.We used the chicken embryo chorioallantoic membrane experiment and found that the acetonitrile extraction site of fulvic acid is the active site for promoting angiogenesis in fulvic acid.Through GC-MS qualitative and quantitative analysis,it was detected that the main common components of the extraction portion of fulvic acid in acetonitrile were malonic acid and succinic acid and other six small molecular acids.After conducting activity tests on 6 kinds of small molecule acids,it was found that except for succinic acid,the remaining 5 kinds of small molecule acids all have the effect of promoting angiogenesis.