| Two medicinal plants,Salvia castanea Diels and S.aerea H.Lev,were chemically investigated.A total of 62 compounds including 4 new ones were isolated from the ethanol extracts of the plants.Some compounds were tested for the in vitro anti-inflammatory activity,and compounds 10,16,46,and 48 exhibited significant anti-inflammatory activity by inhibiting LPS-induced release of nitric oxide(NO).The chemical constituents of the ethanolic extract of the aerial part of Salvia castanea Diels were studied systematically,and a total of 51 compounds including 4 new and 47 known ones were isolated after column chromatography of silica gel,Sephadex LH-20,and C18 reverse-phased silica gel as well as semi-preparative HPLC.The structures of the compounds were established on the basis of 1D and 2D NMR,HR-MS,UV,IR,and ECD calculations.The four new compounds were characterized as norabietane diterpenoids,which were named salviacastanones A-D(1-4).The 47 known compounds were identified as 22 diterpenoids,rosmanol(5),epirosmanol(6),7-O-methylrosmanol(7),7-O-methylepirosmanol(8),7-O-ethylrosmanol(9),isocarnosol(10),6β-hydroxycamosol(11),isogaldosol(12),atriplicone C(13),rosmaquinone B(14),yunnannin A(15),cryptotanshinone(16),grandifolia C(17),cryptoacetalide(18),epicryptoacetalide(19),pisiferic acid(20),12-O-methylcarnosic acid(21),11-acetoxycarnosic acid(22),danshinspiroketallactone(23),danshenxinkun A(24),cariocal(25),and demethylsalvican-11,12-dione(26);7 sesquiterpenoids,4β,6β-dihydroxy-1α,5β(H)-guai-9-ene(27),teucladiol(28),nubenolide(29),nubiol(30),guaia-1(10),3,5,7(11),8-pentaen-2-on-12,8-olide(31),peribysin Q(32),and 1β,6α-dihydroxy-7-epi-eudesm-3-ene(33);6 triterpenoids,oleanolic acid(34),3-epi-maslinic acid(35),(+)-erythrodiol(36),ursolic acid(37),(1α,3β,13α,14β)-1,3-dihydroxy-13-methyl-26-nor-urs-7-en-28-oic acid(38),and heterobetulin(39);2 steroids,β-sitosterol(40)and stigmasterol(41);8 flavonoids,salvigenin(42),cirsimaritin(43),ladanein(44),eupatorin(45),cirsiliol(46),5-hydroxy-6,7,4’-trimethoxyflavanone(47),4-hydroxy-2,3,5-trimethoxyxanthone(48),and 1-hydroxy-2,3,5-trimethoxyxanthone(49);one phenolic acid,(+)-rosmarinic acid methyl ester(50);and one fatty acid,(13R)-hydroxy-octadeca-(9Z,11E,15Z)-trien-oic acid(51)Some compounds obtained in this research were tested for the anti-inflammatory activity by inhibiting LPS-induced release of nitric oxide.Compounds 10,16,46,and 48 exhibited significant inhibitory activity with IC50 of 18.7 μM,7.8,uM,20.2 μM,and 6.5 μM,respectively.Compounds 4,12,and 24 exhibited moderate inhibitory activity while compounds 2,8,and 50 showed weak inhibitory activity.14 known compounds were isolated from the ethanolic extract of the aerial part of S.aerea H.Lev.The compounds were identified as one abietane diterpenoid,micranthin B(52);three steroids,ergone(53),β-sitosterol(41),and stigmasterol(42);five aromatic compounds,vanillin(54),isovanillin(55),(E)-ferulic acid(56),ethyl ferulate(57),and docosyl ferulate(58);four long-chain aliphatic compounds,1-decanol(59),α-linolenic acid(60),ethyl rel-(4R,5S,6E,8Z)-4-(1E)-1-buten-l-yl-5-hydroxy-6,8-pentadecadienoate(61),and methyl coriolate(62);and one triterpenoid,oleanolic acid(35). |
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