Demographic Characteristics And Nasal Comorbidities Of Patients With Nasal Septum Deviation

Objective:To describe the demographic characteristics and nasal comorbidities of patients with nasal septum deviation(NSD),and analyze the possible role of NSD in the occurrence and development of chronic rhinosinusitis(CRS)and fungal rhinosinusitis(FRS).Methods:Collect clinical data of 548 NSD patients admitted to a Hospital from January 2017 to June 2020.According to the deviation direction of the nasal septum,the nasal cavity on the side of the deviated is defined as the narrow side nasal cavity,and the opposite side is defined as the wide side nasal cavity.Retrospective analysis the feature of age,deviation direction,complaint,and characteristics of nasal comorbidities in NSD patients.The χ2 test and Fisher’s exact probability method are used to analyze the difference in incidence of CRS,FRS on both sides of the nasal cavity of NSD patients.Results:①The demographic characteristics of NSD patients suggest that 86.7%of men with NSD are significantly more than 13.1%of women.The average age is 36.4 years,patients in the 14～30 years old are the most,and the proportion of each age group decreases with the increase of age.The deviation of the nasal septum to the left is 55.8%,which is slightly higher than the deviation to the right by 44.2%.The top five complaints of NSD patients include:nasal obstruction 86.9%,snoring 17.2%,head and face pain 11.7%,nasal allergy symptoms 10.2%,and purulent discharge 9.3%.②The characteristics of nasal comorbidities of NSD patients suggest that:more than half of NSD patients have nasal comorbidities.The top five nasal comorbidities in NSD patients include:cysts of nasal sinus 28.1%,chronic rhinosinusitis 20.3%,allergic rhinitis 13.7%,fungal rhinosinusitis 3.3%,and nasal polyps and adenoid hypertrophy occupy the fifth place with 2.2%.The top five nasal comorbidities in male patients with NSD include:cysts of nasal sinus 30.3%,chronic rhinosinusitis 19.1%,allergic rhinitis 13.4%,adenoid hypertrophy 2.5%,fungal rhinosinusitis and nasal polyps occupy the fifth place with 2.3%.The top five nasal comorbidities in female NSD patients include:chronic rhinosinusitis 27.8%,allergic rhinitis 15.3%,cysts of nasal sinus 13.9%,fungal rhinosinusitis 9.7%,and nasal sinus benign tumors 5.6%.③The occurrence characteristics of CRS,FRS on both sides of the nasal cavity of NSD patients suggest that:in 111 patients with NSD and CRS,there is no significant difference in the incidence of CRS on both sides of the nasal cavity(P=0.163);in 18 patients with NSD and FRS,the incidence of FRS in the narrow nasal cavity was significantly higher than that in the wide nasal cavity(P=0.007).Conclusion:①The majority of NSD patients are male,and the proportion of each age group decreases with the increase of age,the deviation of the nasal septum to the left is slightly higher than the deviation to the right.②NSD causes various nasal symptoms,and nasal obstruction is the most common complaint.③Mo re than half of NSD patients have nasal comorbidities,followed by cysts of nasal sinus,chronic rhinosinusitis,allergic rhinitis,fungal rhinosinusitis,nasal polyps and adenoid hypertrophy,attention should be paid to the diagnosis of nasal comorbidities when making the diagnosis of NSD.④Different genders and ages of NSD patients have different nasal comorbidities.⑤NSD is an important local factors in the multifactorial pathogenesis of CRS and FRS.