Research On The Construction Of Acupuncture Effect Ontology

The acupuncture effect refers to the stimulation of acupuncture points through acupuncture therapy such as filiform needles or electroacupuncture,which directly or indirectly causes changes in the body’s biological processes,genes and gene products,thereby regulating the physiological functions or pathological states of the human body or experimental animals,causing disorders or disordered functions are back to normal.With the introduction of modern science and technology and experimental methods into acupuncture and moxibustion.Researches on the basic theories,law of action,and principles of acupuncture and moxibustion have been gradually carried out,and research on the mechanism of acupuncture and moxibustion has gradually become an important part of modern research on acupuncture.In the process of research on the mechanism of acupuncture and moxibustion effects,most of the knowledge about acupuncture and moxibustion effects formed is recorded in the literature related to acupuncture and moxibustion effects.In order to guide acupuncture clinicians and scientific researchers to use acupuncture theory and technology in a standardized and scientific manner,this study uses acupuncture effect literature as the data basis,with the help of ontology methods and techniques,and constructs a semantic model of knowledge in the field of acupuncture effect,including acupuncture points,Acupuncture therapies,needling methods,biological processes,genes and gene products,disorders and anatomical structures.A total of 199 categories,12 object properties,1108 instances,and 5123 axioms have been established to establish acupuncture and moxibustion.The characteristic semantic network basically realizes the structured expression of acupuncture effect knowledge.1 ObjectiveIn order to transform the knowledge of acupuncture effect from natural language to computer language,this study systematically collated the literature on acupuncture effect and started from the current situation of acupuncture effect mechanism,Combined with the international standard "ISO/AWI TS 16843-6 health informatics category structures for representation of acupuncture-Part 6:acupuncture effect"being developed by the tutor team,this paper explores the knowledge organization method suitable for acupuncture effect based on ontology theory and method.On the one hand,the research integrates the knowledge of acupuncture effect from multiple sources and heterogeneous sources,provides a structured term set and a shared vocabulary,which lays the foundation for the sharing and reuse of knowledge in related fields;On the other hand,by exploring the knowledge representation method of acupuncture effect,it can provide users with more intuitive and reliable data,and meet the application needs of acupuncture clinical and scientific research workers for acupuncture effect knowledge.2 Contents and methods2.1 Knowledge source and research scope of acupuncture effectIn this part,we first investigated the literature on acupuncture effect in recent 10 years and determined the source of knowledge and the scope of research according to the inclusion and exclusion criteria.Then we analyzed the structural characteristics of unstructured and semi-structured text data and obtained the rules of knowledge extraction based on acupuncture effect literature,Through the acupuncture data processing platform,the concepts of acupuncture effect and the relationship between them in the text data were extracted.Finally,collect and determine the related term set of the needle effect ontology as the source of concept norms.2.2 Construction and verification of acupuncture effect ontologyBased on the extensive understanding of the literature on ontology construction in the field of traditional Chinese medicine,this part determines the seven-step method as the construction method of the acupuncture effect ontology,and Protégé 5.5.0 as the ontology editing tool.Follow the seven-step method to determine the construction process of the acupuncture effect ontology:determine the professional field and category of the ontology;list important terms related to the ontology;the possibility of reusing the existing ontology;define the class and its hierarchical structure;define the properties of the class;define the value range of the properties;create an instance.After the ontology is successfully constructed,the logic consistency of the acupuncture effect ontology is verified through the inference engine that comes with Protégé 5.5.0,and the universality of the ontology’s framework structure is verified through literature sampling.2.3 Exploration on the application of acupuncture effect ontologyBased on the completion of the construction of the acupuncture effect ontology,this part explores the application in the acupoint stimulation effect visualization platform.On the one hand,it is reflected in the optimization of the concept classification of acupuncture effects in the platform,reorganizing the concept classification on the basis of the original classification.The new type of acupuncture effect concept,on the other hand,is reflected in making the concept in the platform more standardized.3 Results3.1 Clarified the knowledge source of acupuncture effect and sorted out the concept of the fieldIn this part,a total of 6043 literatures on acupuncture effect were included as knowledge source and research scope,including 1824 literatures on acupuncture related clinical mechanism and 4219 literatures on animal experiment;The core concepts include acupuncture points,Acupuncture therapies,needling methods,anatomical structures,disorders,biological processes,gene and gene products.There are 119 acupuncture therapies,379 needling methods,1224 acupuncture points,492 diseases,435 disease models,96 patterns,1188 genes and gene products,13 patterns models,435 anatomical structures and 158 biological processes.The normative sources of the acupuncture effect ontology are the Medical Subject Headings(MeSH),the Traditional Chinese Medical Subject Headings(TCMeSH),and the 11th revised version of the International Classification of Diseases(The 11th revised version).of International Classification of Diseases,ICD-11),"Human Animal Disease Model"(People’s Medical Publishing House,2014)[1],Gene Ontology(GO),etc.3.2 Research on the ontology construction of acupuncture effectThis section combines "ISO/AWI TS 16843-6 Health Informatics-Categorial structures for representation of acupuncture—Part 6:Acupuncture effect",using the seven-step method to structure the knowledge of acupuncture effect,and determine the professional field and category of the ontology as There are 1824 literatures on the clinical mechanism of acupuncture and 4219 literatures on animal experiments.The 7 core concepts related to acupuncture effects are sorted out:acupuncture points,acupuncture therapies,needling methods,anatomical structures,disorders,biological processes,genes and gene products.Object attributes include:"has part" "applied to""located in""regulates""negatively regulates" "positively regulates",etc.And then this study reuses basic formal ontology and combines with other domain ontology or terminology to construct its hierarchical structure.This study uses Protégé 5.5.0 to edit the ontology of the acupuncture effect,constructing a total of 199 classes,12 object attributes,1108 instances and 5123 axioms(class axioms,object attribute axioms,annotation axioms,etc.),basically realizing The integration and structured expression of the needling effect knowledge systematically expresses the knowledge related to the needling effect.This study uses the HermiT 1.4.3.456 inference engine that comes with Protégé 5.5.0 version,and the results show that the classes and relationships constructed by the acupuncture effect ontology have no logical errors.Document verification:121 acupuncture effect documents randomly selected from the visualization platform of acupuncture point stimulation effects were collaboratively annotated by humans and machines,and 3124 entities were formed.Through duplicate checking,620 entities were obtained.The entities after deduplication were deduplicated according to relevant standards.The standardization process is carried out to form 300 standard terms,of which 292 have been covered in the acupuncture effect body,with an application rate of 97.33%.3.3 Explore the application of acupoint stimulation effect visualization platformThe application in the visualization platform of acupoint stimulation effect is embodied in two aspects:optimizing concept classification and concept standardization.Optimized concept classification:acupuncture points,acupuncture therapy,and needling methods remain unchanged;tissues and organs expand into anatomical structures;diseases(animals)are reclassified as disease models,which are different from human diseases;tissue cell level,molecular level,micro scopic function,and function Scoring and other levels are re-divided into biological processes,genes and gene products.Conceptualization:Integrate and reconstruct the knowledge of acupuncture effects through the ontology,and then provide a reference for the conceptual specification of the acupoint stimulation effect visualization platform.For example,the standard of electroacupuncture is electroacupuncture+therapy,and the standard of filiform needle is filiform needle +therapy;the standard of animal disease hypertension is hypertension+model;cell apoptosis at the level of cell tissue is classified as a biological process.4 ConclusionsOntology technology can realize knowledge integration and knowledge representation in the acupuncture effect domain,and the ontology of acupuncture effect knowledge is conducive to information processing,reusing and sharing.The visualization of acupuncture effect knowledge can show the correlation between acupuncture therapy,acupoints and acupuncture effect to a certain extent,clarify the knowledge organization system in the field of acupuncture effect,and provide help for the discovery of new knowledge.Acupuncture effect ontology can provide a reference for the classification of the concept of acupuncture effect and the standardized treatment of the concept,and provide acupuncture clinical and scientific research personnel with more intuitive knowledge of acupuncture effect for use.