| Objective:(1)To develop a Frailty Assessment Scale applicable to elderly inpatients in China,test reliability and validity and provide a scientifically credible tool for the clinical assessment of frailty in the elderly.(2)To initially apply the Frailty Assessment Scale for Elderly Inpatients to investigate the frailty of elderly inpatients in Taiyuan,Shanxi Province,and to explore its influencing factors.Methods:(1)Scale development:Using the Cumulative deficit model as the theoretical basis,combined with literature research,Delphi expert consultation,group discussion and pre-survey,Frailty Assessment Scale for Elderly Inpatients was preliminarily developed.A total of 200 elderly inpatients were selected for the survey,and the critical ratio(CR),correlation coefficient,Cronbach’sα coefficient and factor analysis were used to analyse the items.400 elderly inpatients were selected again for the survey,and the reliability of the scale was tested by internal consistency reliability and retest reliability,and the validity of the scale was tested by content validity,structural validity and empirical validity,and the ROC curve was used to determine the optimal critical values.(2)Applicative research of scale:Using convenience sampling method,400 elderly inpatients were selected and surveyed using the General Information Questionnaire and the Frailty Assessment Scale for Elderly Inpatients,and the factors influencing the frailty of elderly inpatients were analysed by chi-square test and multiple linear regression.Results:(1)Scale development:The formal scale with 19 items in 4 dimensions was formed,the Cronbach’s αcoefficient of the formal scale was 0.934,and the Cronbach’s α coefficients of each dimension were 0.895,0.883,0.797 and 0.957;the retest reliability coefficient was 0.809,and the retest reliability coefficients of each dimension were 0.879,0.629,0.638,0.704.The content validity index(S-CVI)of the total scale was 0.964,and the content validity index(I-CVI)of each item was 0.830～1.The exploratory factor analysis extracted four common factors with a cumulative variance explained 75.902%,and the validated factor analysis showed a reasonable fit of the factor model,with a correlation coefficient of 0.710 with the FRAIL scale(P<0.05).(2)Applicative research of scale:A total of 400 patients were eventually included,with a 21.5% prevalence of frailty and 37.5% prevalence of pre-frailty.The results of monofactor analysis showed the difference is statistically significant in the prevalence of frailty among patients with gender,surgical history,age,marital status,residence status,education level,smoking,alcohol consumption,exercise status,walking assistance,type of co-morbid chronic disease and type of prescribed medication;multiple linear regression analysis showed that age,education,walking assistance,type of co-morbid chronic disease and type of prescribed medication were the main factors affecting frailty in elderly inpatients(P<0.05).Conclusion:(1)The frailty Assessment Scale for Elderly Inpatients constructed in this study has good reliability and validity and can be used as a tool to assess frailty in elderly inpatients and promoted for clinical application.(2)The level of frailty in elderly inpatients is high.Age,education level,walking assistance,type of co-morbid chronic disease and type of prescribed medication are the high risk factors for elderly inpatients,clinical nurses should identify risk factors for frailty in elderly inpatients and assess their level of frailty in time to take preventive measures. |
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