The Relationship Between Personality,Parent-child Attachment And Non-suicidal Self-injury Behavior In Adolescents With Depressive Disorder

Background: Adolescents have a high incidence of NSSI.Depressive disorder is an important risk factor for NSSI behavior in adolescents.The incidence of depressive disorder and NSSI in adolescents has been increasing year by year,which has become a major public mental health problem affecting the physical and mental health of adolescents.The study on its possible mechanism is of great significance for prevention and intervention.Objective: To explore the characteristics of "Big Five" personality and parent-child attachment in adolescents with depressive disorder.Understand the prevalence of NSSI in adolescents with depressive disorder and analyze the relationship between "Big Five" personality,parent-child attachment and NSSI behavior.Methods: 360 adolescents with depressive disorder were collected in the first affiliated hospital of Chongqing medical university psychiatric between January 2019 and March 2021 as the study group,357 healthy adolescents were recruited as control group in Chongqing.The general information questionnaire,Chinese Version of the Beck Depression Inventory-II(BDI-II-C),Beck Anxiety Inventory(BAI),Neuroticism–Extraversion–Openness Five-Factor Inventory(NEO-FFI),Inventory of Parent and Peer Attachment(IPPA),and NSSI behavior questionnaire were used to survey.Data were analyzed by SPSS23.0.Results:(1)The scores of NEO-FFI neuroticism in the study group were higher than those in the control group(P<0.01),and the scores of other dimensions and parent-child attachment in the study group were lower than those in the control group(P<0.01).(2)63.9% of adolescents with depressive disorder reported NSSI behavior,including 81.7% in girls and 18.3% in boys,and the ratio of male to female was about 1:4.The two most common ways of NSSI were cutting themselves with knives or sharp tools(79.1%)and picking or scratching themselves(60.9%)in the study group.85.2% of adolescents with depressive disorder reported that their motivation for NSSI was to get relief from negative sensory or cognitive states,35.2% to gain a sense of personal control,24.3% to exert interpersonal influence,and 19.1% to induce positive sensory states.(3)NSSI behavior in the study group was positively correlated with neuroticism(P<0.01),and negatively correlated with extraversion and conscientiousness(P<0.05).The parent-child attachment score was negatively correlated with the neuroticism score of NEO-FFI(P<0.01),and positively correlated with the scores of other four dimensions(P<0.05).Parent-child attachment score was negatively correlated with NSSI behavior(P<0.01).(4)Regression analysis showed that neuroticism score in NEO-FFI positively predicted NSSI behavior(P<0.01);Neuroticism score in NEO-FFI negatively predicted parent-child attachment(P<0.01),while the scores in the other four dimensions positively predicted parent-child attachment(P<0.05).Parent-child attachment score was significantly negative in predicting NSSI behavior(P<0.01).(5)In the study group,Quality of parent-child attachment plays a partial mediating role between neuroticism and NSSI behavior,and the proportion of mediating effect is 37.94%.Conclusion:(1)Compared with normal adolescents,adolescents with depressive disorder have higher neuroticism,lower extroversion,agreeableness,openness,and responsibility,and lower quality of parent-child attachment.(2)Neurotic personality can directly predict NSSI behavior of adolescents with depressive disorder,and can also indirectly influence NSSI behavior through quality of parent-child attachment.It suggests that adolescents with neurotic personality tendency and poor quality of parent-child attachment are more likely to have NSSI.