| With the increase in population aging,The disease spectrum of the population in our country has changed to non-communicable chronic diseases.The prevalence of chronic non-communicable diseases represented by cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases,diabetes,cancer and chronic respiratory diseases has been increasing year by year,which has become "Public Enemy Number One" for the health.The measurement of the level of chronic diseases of the elderly population and the research of influencing factors are beneficial to promote the health services and management of the elderly population,promote the realization of the healthy China strategy,and promote the healthy and coordinated development of the population and the economy and society.This article is mainly based on the data of the elderly population aged 60 and above in the monitoring data of the Chinese Family Tracking Survey from 2014 to 2016.First,perform descriptive statistical analysis on the basic characteristics of the surveyed subjects of the elderly population and the current status of chronic diseases and treatment;secondly,use spatial correlation analysis to analyze the prevalence of chronic diseases in 31 provinces(cities,districts)in Chinese mainland in2016.Comparison of differences;again,select the four indicators of the living ability,economic development level,medical and health conditions,and population status of each region in 2016 to perform a cluster analysis,divide the regions of Chinese mainland into several categories,and compare the differences between the various regions Differences;Finally,from the perspective of individual characteristics,family characteristics,economic characteristics and healthy behavior habits,the similarities and differences of factors affecting the prevalence of chronic diseases in the elderly population are comprehensively investigated in various regions.This article draws the following four conclusions:First,over 60% of the elderly in China have been reported with chronic diseases,and the level of health protection for the elderly needs to be improved.The prevalence of diagnosed chronic diseases in the elderly population in China is 57.4%,and the proportion of reported undiagnosed diseases is6.1%.At the same time,among the survey subjects of the elderly population in China,only 59.5% of the survey subjects have participated in the physical examination in the past two years,the medical insurance coverage rate is 98.1%,and the pension insurance coverage rate is 73.6%,all of which have not yet achieved full coverage.Second,there are regional differences in the prevalence of chronic diseases in the elderly population,and there is a significant spatial correlation.The prevalence of chronic diseases in the elderly population in Gansu,Qinghai,Beijing and Ningxia is relatively high,above 70%;while in Tibet,Guangdong and Hainan,the prevalence of chronic diseases in the elderly population is below45%.The global autocorrelation Moran index of 0.340(P<0.05)shows that the prevalence of chronic diseases in the elderly population in China has a significant positive spatial correlation,and the three provinces of Sichuan,Shaanxi,and Shandong and some surrounding areas have significant highvalue clustering At the same time,due to geographical,economic and medical factors,the Northeast region also shows a certain concentration.Third,there are differences in the prevalence of chronic diseases among the elderly population,and the risk factors for chronic diseases are different in various regions.The prevalence of chronic diseases in the elderly population in China differs significantly between different levels of factors such as gender,age,nature of household registration,number of children,personal monthly income,employment status,leisure activities and daily exercise time.In various regions,gender,age,leisure activities and exercise time are common influencing factors in various regions;other factors only have a significant impact on some regions.Fourth,chronic diseases affect the ability of the elderly to take care of themselves,and the burden of family financial care is heavy.More than 40% of the elderly in our country cannot take care of themselves completely and need others to take care of them.Among the survey respondents who need care,only two-thirds are currently being cared for.At the same time,the actual expenditures of the survey respondents in 2015 for medical treatment and hospitalization were 3885.9 yuan on average,and only 59.1% of the survey respondents indicated that they could pay for the medical expenses."Lack of money" has become the main difficulty faced by the elderly after " illnesses and body aches".Finally,based on the research conclusions and with reference to relevant literature,this article proposes the following countermeasures: strengthening the education of chronic disease prevention and treatment for the entire population,attaching importance to the health security services for the elderly population,improving comprehensive interventions in areas and populations with high incidence of chronic diseases,and focusing on the elderly with chronic diseases Daily care... |
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