Research On The Social Transformation Of Knowledge Production Of Modern Chinese Medicine

This article takes the differential clinical application and knowledge production of the traditional prescription "Maxing Shigan Decoction",a modern Chinese medicine prescription,as the research object.It mainly adopts the literature analysis method,and conducts genealogical analysis of modern Chinese medicine within the research framework of sociology of knowledge.To sort out,it strives to sort out the social logic of knowledge production in the process of dialogue between Chinese medicine and science in the historical dimension.Behind this logic is not only a manifestation of the changes in the macro-social structure,but also a metaphor for the propositions of medical social reform.In modern times,the knowledge production of Chinese medicine has become a way for intellectuals to express their social reform ideas.Chapters 3 and 4 of this article answer the first and second core questions respectively,namely,what types of knowledge production of modern Chinese medicine doctors? How are the different types different in nature? Based on the differences in the treatment mechanism of traditional Chinese medicine and the degree of belief in traditional theories revealed by modern Chinese physicians in their knowledge production of Maxing Shigan Decoction,this article divides it into conservative and radical production methods,and the corresponding physicians are divided into conservative and radical physicians.Among conservative physicians,there are divisions in medical thinking: either learn from the local outstanding achievements of Western medicine to develop traditional Chinese medicine,or advocate the use of scientific physiology and pathology as the standard to explain the theoretical value of Chinese medicine,and seek a legal basis for the existence of Chinese medicine.However,what the conservative types of physicians have in common is that they cannot abandon the metaphysics in their own traditions.But the radical type of physicians has a strong disenchantment tendency towards traditional metaphysics.Surrounding the scientific movement of Chinese medicine,the essence of radical medical knowledge production is the rational revolution of medicine.The logic of rationalization in the field of traditional medicine is the process of heavy de-embedding of TCM,that is,the typhoid system de-embedding traditional theories.The knowledge system of traditional Chinese medicine is de-embedded,and chemical molecules are de-embedded in the medicine itself.The essence of de-embedding is to extract the curative effect from the culture as a material fact,which is the essence of the operation of rationalization in the medical field,and it is also the root of the fractured difference between the radical physicians and the predecessors.On the basis of the above work,Chapter 5 of this article answers the third core question: Why did the production of modern medical knowledge turn from a conservative type to a radical type,that is,why a medical revolution in the name of science occurred? This article believes that the scientization of Chinese medicine is not the natural history of disciplinary development,but the historical product of the combination of the social rationalization movement under the construction of multiple social forces and the subjective social practice and social expression of medicalists(intellectuals).On the macro level,the transformation of modern Chinese medicine knowledge is caused by the inherent needs of the nation-state in politics,economy,and culture.First,it is the requirement of the nation-state ideology to shift from conservative to radical.Radical medical knowledge production is an integral part of the state’s solution to the overall social problems,and it is the embodiment of disenchanting revolutionary activities in society under the guidance of the government.By advancing rationalization into the traditional medical field,it fits the society’s integrated imagination of the nation-state and medicine.Substituting scientific Chinese medicine for metaphysical Chinese medicine is a metaphor for backward nations to move towards a modern nation,thereby reshaping the national image in the world and enhancing national self-confidence.Secondly,economic rationality directly promotes the tendency of separation of medicine contained in the radical knowledge production.The scientificization of Chinese medicine attempts to de-embed Chinese medicine from the original traditional medical system to directly connect to diseases,and scientifically purifies the effective ingredients of Chinese medicine to cope with the economic aggression of the foreign powers on the export of Chinese medicines.Finally,the transformation of TCM knowledge production is accompanied by the transformation of social and cultural structure.In the social changes of modern China,there has always been opposition and game between conservative and radical thoughts,from nationalism to total Westernization to the Chinese cultural construction movement.This is the cultural structure logic of traditional Chinese medicine knowledge production from conservative to radical society in the modern era.On the micro level,as intellectuals,medicalists are between knowledge and society.Their knowledge production behavior is not only restricted by specific social and historical conditions,but also the result of the subjective actions of intellectuals.In the process of medical knowledge production,physicians play different social roles based on different social status and social environment,and use the production of medical knowledge as a way of expressing their political opinions and social transformation concepts.Medicalists will improve their society or moderately.,Or the blueprint of radical revolution in the production of medical knowledge.Therefore,this article draws the relevant conclusions of knowledge production under the framework of knowledge sociology: modern Chinese medicine knowledge production is not only affected by the macro social structure and changes in the social environment,but also a way for intellectuals to express their social opinions on the basis of their subjective perception of the social structure.Finally,this article attempts to answer the value dilemma of traditional Chinese medicine displayed in the epidemic from the relationship between material and culture.After Chinese society has experienced unprecedented rationalization,the material attributes of Chinese medicine have been de-embedded from cultural attributes.Therefore,the current society’s confusion about the value of Chinese medicine is the confusion when the material has been detached from the culture.The conflict between Chinese medicine supporters and opponents is also a further game between social and cultural conservatism and radicalism.