| Mori Fructus is a kind of Chinese herbal medicine,and also functional foods in China.According to the Chinese Pharmacopoeia,it is the dried fruit of Morus Alba L.,which has the pharmacological action of nourishing Yin,promoting blood circulation and moistening dryness.Mulberry mainly contains polyphenols,polysaccharides and other active components,with antioxidant,hypoglycemic,immune regulation,neuroprotection and other pharmacological activities.In the aspect of quality control,The Chinese Pharmacopoeia published in 2020 only stipulated the proportion of water content,total ash content,extractives of Mulberry,but not the determination of index components and contents,and the limited determination of harmful elements.The purpose of this study is to explore the active ingredient index and the harmful element quality index of Chinese Traditional Medicine Mori Fructus,On the one hand,on the basis of antioxidant activity,the composition of Mori Fructus polyphenols and polysaccharides was studied and their contents were determined.On the premise that the components have antioxidant effect,the limit of Mori Fructus polyphenols and polysaccharides was determined by referring to the quality standard of Chinese Pharmacopoeia.On the other hand,the contents of harmful elements in Mori Fructus samples were determined,the risk level of harmful elements in Mori Fructus was studied based on risk assessment,and the maximum theoretical value of harmful elements in mulberry was calculated according to no observed adverse effect level.The results are as follows:(1)based on the study of antioxidant activity,the quality control indexes of Mori Fructus polyphenols and polysaccharides were established.The content of total phenolics in 16 batches of Mori Fructus was determined from 10.93 to 28.60 mg/g gallic acid,and the average was 22.62 mg/g,the lowest equivalent gallic acid of total phenolics in Mori Fructus was 18 mg/g.The results showed that the content of polysaccharide in 16 batches of Mori Fructus was 51.29～124.45 mg/g,and the average was 76.76 mg/g,the minimum polysaccharide content of mulberry was 61mg/g.(2)based on the study of the relationship between antioxidant activity and Mori Fructus spectrum,protocatechuic acid(protocatechuic acid)was identified as the quality marker of antioxidant activity of Mori Fructus,and the quality control index of protocatechuic acid was established.The content of central plain catechuic acid in ten batches of Mori Fructus was 0.0562～0.1916 mg/g,and the average value was 0.1241mg/g.According to the national pharmacopoeia commission,the minimum content of central plain Mori Fructus catechuic acid is 0.1 mg/g.(3)based on the risk assessment of hazardous elements,the quality control index of hazardous elements for Mori Fructus was established.It is suggested that the standard limits of Pb,Cd,Hg,Cu and As in Mori Fructus should not exceed 2 mg/kg,0.5 mg/kg,0.2 mg/kg,20 mg/kg and 1 mg/kg respectively.(4)The optimum extraction method of Mori Fructus polyphenols was established based on the yield of polyphenols: the extraction solvent was 60% ethanol,the ratio of liquid to material was 36 ml/g,the ultrasonic power was 350 W,the ultrasonic time was 0.5 h and the extraction temperature was 25℃,under this condition,the yield of polyphenols was 2.86%.The optimal extraction method of Mori Fructus polysaccharide was established based on the yield of polysaccharide: the extraction solvent was ultrapure water,the extraction temperature was 70℃,the ultrasonic time was 22 min,the ratio of liquid to material was 16 m L/g,the ultrasonic power was 200 W,the yield of Mori Fructus polysaccharide was 12.45%. |
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