Study On Chemical Constituents From Stems And Leaves Of Chrysanthemum Indicum In Qinba Mountains

This paper is divided into five chapters to detect the organic and inorganic elements in the whole plant of wild chrysanthemum.The first chapter discusses the research value of the medicinal plant of wild chrysanthemum from the two aspects of chemical composition and pharmacological activity;Atomic fluorescence spectrometry and graphite furnace atomic absorption spectrometry were used to determine the types and contents of trace elements in the roots and leaves of wild chrysanthemum;the third chapter used GC-MS to quantitatively and qualitatively analyze the content of volatile oils in wild chrysanthemum,stems and leaves,and compared the antibacterial effects;fourth In chapter 2,the structure characterization and stability analysis of the two anthocyanins isolated from wild chrysanthemum extracts were carried out;in chapter five,the dichloromethane layer extracts,methanol layer extracts,ethanol layer extracts and70% ethanol from the leaves and stems of wild chrysanthemum were systematically analyzed.the monomeric compounds were separated and purified by column chromatography and their structures were characterized.The specific work is as follows:（1）Consult data and literature,and review the research status of wild chrysanthemum at home and abroad,mainly from the biological characteristics of wild chrysanthemum.Summary of four aspects: chemical composition,pharmacological activity and clinical application.（2）Detection and analysis of trace elements in the roots and leaves of wild chrysanthemum,and the use of microwave digestion to process the roots and leaves of wild chrysanthemum.The standard curve was drawn to calculate the linear regression equation to verify the feasibility of the method.The sample addition rate and repeatability test were carried out.Finally,16 kinds of trace elements were detected in the leaves,11 kinds of trace elements in the roots,and 16 kinds of trace elements in the leaves.The contents from high to low are: Fe > Sn > Mn > Sr > Si > B > V > Zn > Ni > Pb > Cr >As > Co > Cu > Hg > Cd;the contents of 11 trace elements in roots from high to low The lowest order is: Fe > Sn > Sr > Mn > Cr > V > Ni > As > Cd > Hg.（3）The three parts of wild chrysanthemum,stem and leaf are extracted and concentrated by steam distillation to obtain volatile oil,which is successively subjected to GC-MS qualitative and quantitative analysis,48 components were detected from leaf volatile oil,55 components were detected in stem,42 components were detected in flower,filter paper diffusion method was used to compare the effects of three volatile oils on Escherichia coli,golden yellow The antibacterial effects of Staphylococcus,the results of antibacterial activity showed: flower volatile oil>leaf volatile oil>stem volatile oil.（4）The physical and chemical properties of the two anthocyanin compounds isolated from the stems and leaves of wild chrysanthemum were analyzed,detected and studied.IR,UV,fluorescence and other techniques were used to characterize its structure,and the effects of p H,temperature,reducing agent,oxidizing agent,metal ion,and food additives on the stability of the pigment were measured in turn.The results showed that the blue pigment was aromatic ketone anthocyanins,and the red pigment was It is benzopyrone anthocyanins,and the fluorescence quantum yields are 5.28% and 7.94%respectively.（5）Use column chromatography,high performance liquid chromatography,GC-MS,elution crystallization and other methods to separate and purify the wild chrysanthemum extract layer,the structure was identified by IR,UV,MS,1H-NMR,13C-NMR,HMBC,HMQC and other technical means,10 monomer compounds were separated from methanol extract,5 kinds of structures were analyzed,and 75% of ethanol and75% Two compounds were isolated and identified in ethanol.