| Research Objectives:Ganoderma lucidum is a kind of rare medicinal fungus,and it is also one of the health medicinal materials of "homology of medicine and food" in China.It has a long medicinal history and high medicinal value and is widely used in health food.Glossy Ganoderma spore powder is the seed of glossy Ganoderma,have fight tumor,fight oxidation,improve cardiovascular disease,adjust blood sugar blood fat and enhance immune effect.Basic research on the efficacy of activity and upon maturity of Ganoderma only more,but there is relatively little research on physical and chemical indicators upon maturity of Ganoderma only,differ as a result of origin upon maturity of Ganoderma only,its component content is different,and the planting,cultivation,harvesting,processing,such as the wall to exist in the process of pollution risk,affect the quality of the Ganoderma lucidum GLS.The physical and chemical indexes of Ganoderma lucidum spore powder from different producing areas were analyzed,and the content distribution of various components in Ganoderma lucidum spore powder from different producing areas were analyzed,which could provide the basis for evaluating the nutritional value and quality control of Ganoderma lucidum spore powder.Research Methods:In this study,the wall breaking rate,total ash,peroxide value,inorganic elements,total triterpenoids,and crude polysaccharide of 20 batches of Ganoderma lucidum spores from Jilin,Zhejiang,Anhui,Shandong and Liaoning were determined and analyzed.（1）The contents of crude polysaccharide and total triterpene in Ganoderma lucidum spore powder were determined by UV spectrophotometry.The extraction conditions of total triterpenoids from Ganoderma spore powder were optimized to determine the extraction rate of total triterpenoids under the optimal conditions.The content of crude polysaccharide in Ganoderma lucidum spore powder was determined by sulfuric acid-enthroned method.SPSS-Statistics 26.0 was used to analyze the difference of total triterpenes and crude polysaccharides in Ganoderma lucidum spore powder from different producing areas.Origin2021 was used to conduct box analysis on the determination results of total triterpenes and crude polysaccharides in20 batches of broken Ganoderma lucidum spore powder to understand the content distribution of total triterpenes and crude polysaccharides in different producing areas.（2）Microwave digestion and inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry were used to determine 12 inorganic elements in 20 batches of Ganoderma spore’s powder.PCA plots were drawn using MATLAB R2022 a for principal component analysis of inorganic elements in Ganoderma Spores Powder from different producing areas.Origin Lab 2021 was used to analyze the cluster correlation heat map between the main producing areas of Ganoderma lucidum spore powder and inorganic elements,and SPSS-STATISTICS 26.0 was used to analyze the correlation between the content of inorganic elements and producing areas.（3）The method of National food standard GB 5009.3-2016 was used to measure the total ash content of Ganoderma spore powder to judge the contamination of Ganoderma spore powder in the process of processing.The wall breaking rate of Ganoderma lucidum spore powder from different producing areas was measured by blood counting plate method.The peroxide value of Ganoderma spore powder was measured by the method of National food standard GB 5009.227-2016 to understand the oxidation degree of the broken Ganoderma spore powder.Kruskal-Wally’s test was used to analyze the wall breaking rate,peroxide value,and total ash of Ganoderma lucidum spore powder from 5 producing areas by SPSS-statistics 26.0 to understand the differences of physicochemical indexes such as wall breaking rate,peroxide value and total ash of Ganoderma lucidum spore powder from 5 producing areas.Research Results:（1）The contents of total triterpenoids in Ganoderma lucidum spores from five producing areas were different（P<0.05）.The contents of total triterpenoids in Ganoderma lucidum spores from Shandong province were the highest [17.0（14.3,17.3）] %,while those from Liaoning province were the lowest [10.4（9.98,13.8）] %.The order of the median value of total triterpenoids in Ganoderma lucidum spores from five producing areas was as follows: Shandong > Jilin > Zhejiang >Anhui > Liaoning.The content of crude polysaccharide in Ganoderma lucidum spores from five producing areas was different（P < 0.05）.The content of crude polysaccharide in Ganoderma lucidum spores from Anhui province was the highest（3.39±0.024）%,and the content of crude polysaccharide in Ganoderma lucidum spores from Liaoning province was the lowest（1.94±0.048）%.The mean value of polysaccharides in Ganoderma lucidum spores from five producing areas was in the following order: Anhui > Shandong > Jilin > Zhejiang > Liaoning.（2）The contents of Pb,Cd,Hg and Ni in Ganoderma lucidum spores from five producing areas were significantly different（P<0.05）,while the contents of Cd,Cr,Zn,Se,Sr,Mn,Fe and Cu in Ganoderma lucidum spores from five producing areas were not significantly different（P > 0.05）.Principal component analysis of 12 inorganic elements in Ganoderma lucidum spore powder showed that Ganoderma lucidum spore powder samples from Shandong and Jilin provinces were concentrated in the biplot.Pearson correlation and correlation heat map analysis showed that the correlation coefficient of Inorganic elements in Ganoderma lucidum spore powder was0.640（P<0.01）,that of Fe and Mn was 0.486（P<0.05）,that of Hg and Cd was 0.490（P<0.05）.The correlation coefficient between Pb and Cd was-0.540（P<0.05）.（3）There was significant difference in the content of peroxide in Ganoderma lucidum spores from five producing areas（P < 0.05）,and the order of the median value of peroxide in Ganoderma lucidum spores from five producing areas was Jilin >Zhejiang > Liaoning > Shandong > Anhui;There was no significant difference in total ash content of Ganoderma spore powder among 5 producing areas（P > 0.05）.There was a significant difference in the content of Ganoderma lucidum spores breaking rate among the five producing areas（P < 0.05）,and the order of the median value of breaking rate of Ganoderma lucidum spores breaking rate was Jilin > Shandong >Anhui > Zhejiang > Liaoning.Conclusion:（1）The contents of total triterpenoids,crude Polysaccharides and inorganic elements of Ganoderma lucidum spores from different producing areas were significantly different.（2）The results showed that inorganic elements in Ganoderma spore powder could be used as reference indexes for different producing areas.（3）The wall peroxide value and total ash content of Ganoderma spore powder from 5 producing areas all met the requirements of national standard. |
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