Study On "Tu" Words In Modern Chinese

"Tu",as a basic word in modern Chinese,has developed over a long period of time into a rich and related lexical system with "tu" as the category mark.Most papers are based on the words with "tu" of Shuo Wen Jie Zi as the research object,some articles scattered references related to the "tu" of disyllabic and polysyllabic words in combing "tu" meaning changes,and did not comb "tu" words marked by the category "tu" systematically,the lack of comprehensive research on the cognitive function of disyllables,idioms in "tu" words.The innovation of this paper is to establish a set of vocabulary system with the form and meaning of "soil" as the parent,including monosyllabic words,disyllabic words and idioms.The study and establishment of the "tu" words can form a system with the study of other words of existing natural substances,and can also provide certain reference value for the cognitive research of other natural substances’ names and the construction of the cognitive understanding mode of corresponding meanings.This paper adopts the method combining quantitative statistics with qualitative analysis,using a variety of reference books to collect and sort the corpus of "tu" words,describing language facts,then classifies "tu" words on the basis of substantial corpus,analyzing about the semantic category and the phenomenon of cognitive metaphor of the words,and finally explains linguistic phenomena comprehensively,reveals the underlying cognitive laws.Based on the existing research experience of domestic scholars,this paper studies a group of meaning-related words,including single morpheme words,two syllable compound words,and idioms,on the premise of the words of "tu" and "tu" as the radical.First of all,on the basis of the theory of modern Chinese lexicology,this paper describes and analyzes the morphological characteristics,word formation and semantic connotation of single morpheme words and two syllable compound words and idioms,and displays that the "tu" words take the shape and meaning of "tu" as the matrix to form a family from word-formation rules and the perspective of semantic development,developing respectively,some of which can’t be seen related to the "tu" from the meaning,but can still show the trace of word formation and word meaning development from a symbol of "tu".At the same time,on the basis of a systematic analysis of the "tu" words,this paper also reveals that the metaphorical meaning of the "tu" words is not only related to people’s cognition,but also influenced by the external social environment.