| Road category vocabulary is an important part of Chinese common words and core words.Although the predecessors have investigated the road related vocabulary,they mostly focus on description and the results are relatively scattered.This paper uses metaphor,metonymy and image schema theories of cognitive linguistics to study the typical words of modern Chinese Road category:"Dao,Lu,Tu,Jing,Jie,Xiang".The research focus of this paper is to describe the semantic proliferation of these words and to explain the cognitive motivation of meaning expansion and the conceptualization of Chinese "Road" category.The main body of the paper is divided into five parts:The first part is the introduction.Taking semantics as the main standard and referring to the criteria of the common use and productivity,the research object of this paper is selected.In addition,the achievements and shortcomings of the previous research,the theoretical basis and research methods used,and the sources of corpus are introduced.The second part:the related research of "Dao,Lu".Based on the investigation of the etymology and meaning of "Dao" and "Lu",the corresponding semantic derivation context is constructed.This paper describes and cognitively explains the quantifier usage of "Dao" and"Lu".In terms of the number and types of nouns,the quantifier "Dao" has more nouns and more kinds of nouns than the quantifier "Lu",and "Dao" has a higher degree of quantification than "Lu".In addition,when "Lu" is used as a quantifier,the degree of quantification within it is also different.In order to investigate the word-formation of "Dao" and "Lu",this paper analyzes and classifies the words with "Dao" and "Lu" as word-formation morphemes in the Modern Chinese Dictionary and Reverse Modern Chinese Dictionary.It is found that the word-formation is mainly a partial formal structure.This paper attempts to explain the asymmetry of "Dao" and "Lu" groups in Chinese from the point of view of the retention of semantic features of original meaning,the retention of etymology,the evolution of internal substitution in language system and the influence of other language systems.Specifically,"Dao" has the semantic features of[exploring][flat][straight],which is homologous with"guide" and has the meaning of solemnity and special reference;the road is homologous with"(?)" and focuses on communication.The reason why the words related to the Road category in modern Chinese tend to match with "Lu" is that the semantic system of "Lu" is more simple,single-minded and clear,and it gradually prevails in the process of language development and replaces "Dao".Under the influence of dialects and other language systems,there is an asymmetry in the selection of words in Putonghua.The third part describes and analyzes the semantic network of " Tu,Jing " and " Jie,Xiang ".In view of the unconventional collocation related to "Jien" and "Xiang",such as "Ma Jie".Da Jie Ma Xiang" and so on.The reversibility of figure-background is used,that is,the change of perspective will change the cognitive focus in the process of people’s understanding of things.It is explained from the cognitive aspect.The fourth part makes a theoretical research on the conceptualization of Chinese "Road"category by using image schema theory and conceptual metaphor.The formation of image schemata comes from people’s life experience.Container schemata,path schemata,whole-partial schemata and upper-lower schemata are all embodied in the conceptualization of "Road" category.Based on the similarity of morphological features and connected functions,the semantic category of words in the category of "Road" has been expanded under the action of metaphorical mechanism,and the concept and features of "Road" have also been mapped to other entities and abstract fields.The fifth part is a summary of the full text.This part briefly discusses the related issues and looks forward to the future research direction. |
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